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ARCH AOLOGICAL SURVEY OF INDIA
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PROVINCE or SIND
B VOLUME |
KA RAQHT DISTRICT
30500
‘ariLiD wy
1, OW. SMYTH
Fuuliin Cirat Serisipe
= . ” Y
"ia
PREFAGE-
The materials for the “RB” Volumes of the ‘Sind
(Garettoer ' were collected by the late Mr. Aitken, Ul rath)
at the time of his retirement in 1907 he had andy been alle,
fo nish the dmft of the. Karachi Volame.* It is only fer
ro hia memory that it should be stated that this volume,
though now brought up-to-date and in eoue anes Fi
written in parts, is almost entirely based upin his dratt
in the sitet of the volume the compiler desires to
acknowledge the Assistance which he has received frotm
the Collectar of Karnelu, the (Chairman of the Port Trust,
and the Commissioner's Uncovenanted Assistant, Mr. th
Birch. :
1. W.S.
ws ile
CONTENTS.
Pagéa
| nf the Phatetrct-—
a and area. Phyncal reno > Rivers.
Floods. Climate, Rainfall . Jy, Sect
Pap lation— ; J
‘ details. Proportion of the sexes, Distribution.
Migration. Clarification ly religiotes. Prominent tribes
and {nrnilies (Numrian, Jokhins, Karmatia and Jats,
first nlaas Jagirders and chief families of Bairide) ,, 8—12
Agrieultire—
Chatneter and oil of each Talukn, fake = craps enlti-
vated in the District - o~ ee wol—17
Irrigation—
‘Stors Note a oe , i iA
‘Shore Nots : ; = i
Communrottiona, Trode and Soleil Ws-
Thyacriptive tables of peneige ronda, Shert Note on loc)
sige andl inluntrhes , 7-34
J ughire—
Liet of criminal and civil courte in the District, with them
jurindictions. Registration —anb-dintrict, ic De-
seription of the Karachi tnil . fom wis 26-7
Focal and Municipal—
Constitution of District and sehen Local Boatde. Yomi-
cipalitire Karachi Suni
are) )
Eduestion—
Primarr Education (Locnt Board, Muniety
indi Behoota m the Distric).
Middle Schoale in Karachi, Kotri and Tattn,
Middle Schoole in Karachi, Manors and Kntri,
Schools (Karachi High Sehool, Sind Madres :
mar Behool, St, Patrick’s School, Church ‘Misxtem Tigh
es MI,
‘en ‘Sehook Convent Behoal). Stad Collye.
oma an pem, a au
one General, Max Der o Hall). (ber
“Denis of Uivil Hoepital, Karanhi. and cao Kya
tal. Lady Dufferin Hospital nod taba: Lawrenoo
ite. N«W. Railway Heepital at Kotri, Govern-
mont. Ditpemwaries in Karachi, Sciuantan eevee
Vetirinary Dinpenianry ‘
Aditiniatrntion—
Tet of Sub-divieiows, Talukaw and ree we srs aban
lation and averape yevenue
Ploces of tnterrat—
‘Bhamubor, Dharsja. Gharo. Jam Tarmrhi-ji-Mati,
Jermuok (Budithist ruins ond graves of Robert Huswy
and the Kev, 0. Huntingdon). Thinupir (bomb and terrpils,
enttiomont of Khojas, Aga Khan). bok (dirine of Tnavad-
villa}, Karachi (histo iption, ‘nore, Kinswri,
Seatti's Rest, Napier Obelink, Merewethar (“oek Tower,
Business quarter, Bunder Toad and buildings, (vil
Lints, Cantonmit, Tramways, Environs, Water Works,
Government Mouse, From “Hall
Statues, Max Dionso Fall, Knvalikdina Hall, Votunteor
Halla, Gos-Portugnes Hall, Sind (lob, Karachi Gym
khans, other Chibs, ¢te., Mrsonin Hall, YM. (.A.. daly
Trinity Church, Widown’ Honm, Sertoli Chureh, Meth iel-
it Chureh, Roman Catholic Church, Matkete, Vieturia
Murine, Qardona, Oeniubories, anil Port), Koti Bairulor,
Kotri. Rotri ‘Alinhralehin Shak, Ladion. Lalorihooiut
snd Dhoraje. Laki end ite hot springs: Manjhend:
Maurypar.. Mirpur Bathoro, Mirpur &kro and tomb of
Sheikh Alu Tarsh at Gajo, Mugeer Pore and Buriat
tomks, Mnghulbhin and tombe, Pir Pavlio, Raril-ka-kut.
Rakri Ghakbandar. Sirgands or Suride Bandar,
teen Tatts {histor and deecription. grave of
Biward ( tl Viner on thi Makli Hills. Jama Manjid..
ea Kalan Kot, aan Bala~
BA
Pages
» 649
and Qoten's and King's.
'* =a 4 6-10
eee =
L—Are aciul Population ; wl “as, | oy BAe
ThA —Raintall by mouth wt Kincki;, 2S
11-B.—Rainioll by Talukes and Mahala =i be 12
—Popula 1 << e hey ee
¥—Religion and Edoenshan ee ae ve lt
Vi—Caste, Tribe: or Race eal ae
VIL—Detribution of Land and Crips. r ri 124
VITL—Domestio Animal mad Agricultural § Stock «: 129
TX.—Sources of — Bupply | ‘. ww pee
X—Irrigation Works a s _.1—ai
XL—Tokavi Advances and Collection, a a , 132
ip echelon _- -, Seiion
Sry aaaaaith Pe an Te.
xv and Current Settlement : i485
<Vi_Crimminn) dition ‘2 i a: a 16
XVIL—Work of the Crimi! Cour .. | a: 136 |
AE asthe Justice he va é is ;
—Negintration BE ~ =) j I
XX.—Distribution of Police + = #5. .
“XXI1—Jaile =“ x a. Bt)
XXII-A—Revenne Tivtails ts ws ae 140
XXU-B—Revenue Detail by Talks. ee i 14d
XXII —Land Revenue i ie - 42-43
SIV —Excuioe a -. ya Ma
EXV Shine = es “- Ete
XXVEA—Inconw Tax, 5 *: Re La 147
AXVI- B. —Incame Tax: {' Maanifleassini ea ra Ta 117.
RXVII-B.—Ravenie aa Expenditure ol oan: Lama Mount ifs—ol
XXVIIL—Maninipal ible, = 7 Gi—iit
XXET- A.—Education : Proport| fm nt liitetabak » a a* 154
XALK-3.—Education: umber ol Enatituthin anal
Soholars «160 t0 150
Edie tion : Pabbe Inston and Pe lialany
jn 1915-16 160
XXIX-D.—Edieation : Hxpendicare on Pabbe tnetruction 160
KX X-A:—Vital Statiatice =" =" « 2b
XXX-B—Vital Statiation for Th ee ee 162
XEXI—Hoepitole and Dispeimetim =e eet 10: ta 167
XXXII. —Vaceination te 16s
RX ST. —Loes from and Destruction ‘of Wild Animal ane
Saiakes + s .
Index 9 "34 | 4 Ate; es 170 to 173
DESCRIPTLON.
Tables 11-A, U-B and UL,
CHAPTER ] OF “A” FOLUME,
The Karachi Ta named itary tate lies
. 09° gh’ and 26° 22’ north
> -sigplanglnnine’ latitude and between 46° 42' and 68° 48°
east longitnde and occupies the south-west corner of the
Province of Sind. It has an ares of 11,971 aqnare miles.
From ita most westerly point, Cape Monze, or Ras Muari,
ite dary, de the Habh river, st hith 3
the Las Beyla State,runs north-east, then, gra: |
points at Jast due north where it meets the Rhirthe
of hills, which separate it from the Sehwan Taluka a
Larkana District, That district here penetrates the Karachi
District, dividing it into two prongs and forming its northers
ry. The point of eastern prong touches the
Indus whith: thence becomes the houndary of the penne
Dist south-east and eouth ond separating it
oan the Hyderabad District aa far wa Jerruck (Shiral),
aineed swt beyond the river, being bor mled first by the:
Badin Talukas of the Hyderabad District, sion by
the o Rad of Cutch and the broad Khori creek. From this,
its most southerly poin it, the lim'ts of the district run north
west to Cape care 43 again, with the sea for their baaundary
all the way.
In its pliysical ari the distnct includes samples. of
features of nature to be found
cng Kohistan in the north, Ames
tothe more grassy plains.” Southwar
wo. 14i2—1
2 KARACHT DISTRICT.
and almost devoid of vegetation, but much broken up
fli ech venetian stony hills, and intersected by the
boda, which cariy the drainage of the
ebistan 40 thse Tndun. The southern limit of this tract
may be defined by a straight line driwn from Karachi
to Tatts. Soutli of thia lies tha Delia, o triangle with
Totta for its apex and the sea coast for its base. Tatta
| is, st speaking, well out of the Delta now, Jor the old
branch of the Indus which ran past it into the Gharo creek
silted up cabpol 130 years ago and is only represented by the
\Kalri canal now. Another i of the river, more recent-
ly extinct, has become the Baghar rcanal. The apex of the
how is at the bifurcation of the Ochito and the Haidari
(Muti), « few miles bolow Kotri Allahrakhin Sish im tho
| ahy i Talula, Mgecgieree ss point and the sea the
country is out a motwork of brim
passing into insay tasks and connected by cross-chanuels, and
the aspect whivh it presenta variea with the distance from
the sea, a reed sandoteri hha borat rgon me
Which is 80 to sii at high tulea that it inalways
moist, eipporta a growth of emall coarse grasa and rushes,
which m turn support innumerable buffaloes, eo that this
mot presenta a more lively and populous scene than is mut
with | ther inland. To dhe west, as far as Karachi, large
tracts of wind-blown aand- say roe resent a saniplé, on a am
scale, of the desert of Thar and arker. Where the influence
of fresh water. a rep Fi We wlase ie tatareiead tes
fivldn enka Ste are the Delta, however,
there is a wide ¢ > of absolute salt waste, embracing s
large part of the Shahhandar and Jati Talukas, which is
almost uninliabitable for man or beast. In this, tavaben
peta pra lie the Seah Sirgande salt deposi
BynaArN ? of solid salt. The upper portions of t
ea dine fi ar Mirpur Sakro, Sujawal. anil dh
aed pom apo with tamaria
khabar in all Peet scar dpe ified
The ‘hills of Bind, with few and ‘wimportant oxoe
al tioms, lic to the west of the Indus Valley,
and the Karachi District has a fair
share of them. ‘The Khirthar range, 150 miles m length
ihe sea, thet . lary ‘Bind bom ‘the. tr
north-west aiat ot tho Ut slp gli 5 aise function.
an with the hi District, after which paint,
sng Tittle eastward, it constitutes for more than a
miles the boundary of the two and terminates near the Baran
coda ee 95° 43 north latitude, This is the“ Hala”
range of English maps and old writers.* About 90 miles of
# belong to the Karchi District. Ite general height further
north is between 4,000 and 5,000 feet, but it falls very nmuch
towards its southern extremity ond even isolated peaks
seldom tise shove 3,500 feet. The next most important
range han been named by ua the Laki becwuse it first attracts
attention near the town of that name in the Manjland Mahal,
a little to the north-west of which it commenves. 1b ia not
the custom of the country to give names to ranges but to
peaks and localities ; so the locnl names of thie range aro
numerous. The two ‘hills betwen which the Baran -oute:
through the chain are Surjano and Sambok; north af the.
litter is Bhai, then Narero, then [Motinno. ‘Running firat
due south, the Laki range divides Kohistan trom Kotri
Taluky and then, turning a little to the west near Thano Bula
Khan, from Tatta Tolikea. Tho total length of this range
isabout 80 miles and it attains an elevation of 1,040 feet near
ita t imity. a, Abe sien eh We 8 te two
ranges there is a series of ly doeoreasing OTe
hills, all running more or less north and soils Ons such,
the Kambu range, about 15 miles in length and attaining
in the middle to 2,240 foet; seems to continue the Khirthar
: beyond the Baran river, running due south: Weat of
iis is the Dumibar range. about 15 miles in length. West
of pone ge wherethe Hubb river joins the Sind Front
the ligher Bedur range, which forms the: eastern
watershed of that river, sends a spur into Sind. Posh
well marked line of hills rune east of the river from Mangho
Pir to Onpe Monze, and eastward of thin the country round:
Faia Coe penes earn Se ant: into
of the Kotei ‘stuke and the Manjhand Mahal is also ois
Sod a ily frnct rans southward fro Kotei to Jerruck and
ier,
7) = ikaw eee this
gies! Burvey Departueat, Th Me ze fore bese gtr Se a Bina
4 KARACHT DISTRICT.
Tata. The Makli hills, close by Tatta, are a rocky clova-
18 miles in length by 4 in breadth, well known on account
tombs which have been erected upon me
“Whe rivers of Sind, with the great exeepti :
iets which is deseribed in the “ A” Volume,
> are ordinarily dry; tut weer little rain
siiices to flood them from bank te bank, andl the impedi-
ment which they may then offer to all traffic and military
movementa has given ite i and’. They are carefully
noted in all the early routes. ‘They gain another
claim to consideration from the fact that, though there may
Eig welek ia Susie hades, there is often-a good deal un
them, so that a bron tract of fields act
take its origin in the Baluchistan hills, not far from Kalat,
joint the Std Frontier where it fe creset the. ahar
road and defines it for the final 70 miles of its colrie, and
falls into the sea on the north-western side of Cape Monze.
This may indeed be ¢alled a permanent stream, for, though
it does not flow shove sect continiously, it ia never wi
out water in disconnected Lon of euch depth and amplionte
that they harbour the mahseer anc other smuller fish.
After heas sin very ae bal af water comes down this
stream. Between fifty anc eee Years ago an attempt to
uve this river for irtigational purpores Was made by Khan
copending to rpomrer peek British. Goweemmnn
rise ise beat ee ie es ee ee
length and 15 in height, but the work was swept away by
an unusitally heavy flocd. Further roger an s more
extensive aeale were oa arrested hy his death.
rena marks —
course In many places, The Hobb, whith is said to *
Saas ent tik tee Ginn Bandar.
Lyari is round the town of Karachi, sas tia Wataek go Shes
he harbour. Its-rixe alter min ie very sudden. . Elsewhere,
especially in the north, there are many similar channels whieh
‘mith water from the hills to the Indus, or diffuse it on
ow grounds and make cultivation possible, The moat
sod of these is the Bann, which often pours a great
ume of water into the Tia.
Notwithstanding all that haw been accomplished in
Poke restraining the aunusl overflow of the
«faa Indus by protective bunds, tt is not
ps that the Jowlands of the Delta will ever be safe
aciasionl destructive floods. Heavy rain also |
down torrents from the hill country ins surprisingly short
time, which the water-oourses ure quite Inadequate to carry
off safely. In the past such floods have been frequent and
sometimes disastrous, as in 1882, when the inundation sur-
parsed all previous records and cunala were breached and
overtopped; and in 1892, when heavy rain, combined with
floods fram the: hills, covered the face af the conintty with
water, breaking the canals and almost totally dest bo
kharf crops in the Jhirak and Skah Bandar Divisions
ming widespread distresa. Tp ine tes iver sis unas
early, standing af 17 feet on the Kotri gauge on June
bth, On August 17th it reached its then record of 22°74
inches. The embunkmenta of the Baghar and Kalri canals
anil most of the bunds on either side of the river were breached,
se eiisiy A Is14 the gangs testing ob Auge Ith
crop. Fimally in 19] t pauge on :
Fathed the highie t ever recorded, Le., -23°8 inches,
In this year th the Shahba nie ndar Division stood, but
ine
thut nips ven ss burst, atid an enormous area of
that taluke was floxed, there being a great destruction of
as well as of the crops, The town of Kotri also was
only with difficulty eaved from gubmersion,
The climate of Karachi is the best in Sind and one of the
4 best anywhere in the of India
since the fietce heat of summer is tem-
pre byob feo the sea, which, however, ia not 80
ure-luden and depressing as it is on the Bombay const.
Y a
i] KARACH] DISTRICT,
Generally the sea breeze begins to blow fitfully in March and
settles down in April, after which a strong and steady wind
from W.-S.-W, uight and dey is the rule October, While
this laste the thermometer rarely rises above 98° or falls
below 75°, while the homidity of the air ranges from 75”
to 85°, But obout May and again im Ovtober, or earlier,
wear eg aré linbls to oceur, the wind. suddenly ahifting ;
hen the thermonwter rises to over 100° while humidity
falls by from 20° to 60°. These hot, blasts rarely
last as ‘Jong as a week, In November the breeze sets
in and for four months the prevailing direction is E-N-E.,
the temperature gradually sinking until it may 3
ce together between 60° anil 40°, which is the lo
dally registered, though ice has been found in the Sates
udiens at Karachi und precious plants have been severely
froet-bitten. Iiumidity w very variable during the cold
eeaeon, but the air i never dry with the dryness of
Northern Indin. As far as can be judged from the
materials available, the test difference between the
dry-bulb and wet-bulb thermometers ocenra in October,
the least m April. Details of temperature for 17 years ate
given m Table [1]. The highest tempeniture recorded was
116° in May J901, wliich was quite exceptional; the lowest
40° in January of severul years, In the last seven ea
the thermometer never reached 100°. test mange
af temperatiire in one month was 43° ‘hn pee
fig are for Rarachtanl nny e aan os typos
mately applicable to all the const: Tatta
and Kotri the average maximum is higher, the thermometer
rising commonly above 100° from April to October inole-
sive ; and the average minimum lower, 32° registered
aie
DESCRIPTION. 7
The rainfall of the eats ay mb extracrdi-
i - parily from year year, statue led
a ent on what may rary idental
causes, The regular monsoon winds bring no rain to arid
«plains which rocetve them into an atmos bees hotter and
drier than themselves, but when some dioep hon
eatises the wind to veer round to an Inu
frequently army the last comme years re
annual fall at Karachs itself has fluctuated between a
few cents and nearly 20 mches. In 1801 a fall of 22°29
Was Tet between Sth July and 3rd August. From
Li ae Ait ees be seen that August is the month m which
then July, then September; bat there may
Spot Bs dhben Sines months. It is very rare for the
first three montlia of the year to be without rain, as, eee SI ws
amounts may be amall, -Thus there are : poemaly ook
periods of rain, with two dry intervals, for October Nov
ember are practically rainiess, and April and May nearly
ap. The distribution of rain in the district appears alto to
be subject to no law. Table 11-B shows that the normal
mean ranges from 0""84 at Manjhand to 0°*18 at Tatta or
about 4 inches; but in 1909 when Manjhand had 1°*37,
satis eee Ip a" ait _ Upon the Te tank, > ‘ ig is lowe
In region lying wlong the right ve hmct
est on the coast, but the differency ts small. The
highest rainfall on record was 41°22 at Shahbandar in 1913.
In the hill country of Kohistan there is pay one regetening
station and there the average is comparatively high—B" BA.
POPULATION.
Tables I, 1V, V and Vi.
CHAPTER IV OF “A” VOLUME.
The figures given in Table I are those of the census of»
1911. Of the total population of
521,721, Muasilmans made wp $96,334
or about 70 per cent, and Hindua 111,521 or about 21 per
cent; of the romaindor, 9,018 were Christians and the rest
Jews, Pursis, ete.
A kind of census waa carried out in 1854, but the restilts
are af no talus. There havo since been four prior to that af
1011, from which, after making allowance for the Sehwan,
Johi and Dadu Talukas, Which were tinaterad from
Senichi to Larkana District in 1901, we ae the following
IMtTIOL AS Now o uted :—
. B24,921
- . 401,046
ms . 411,004
- .. 440,612
From -thesa figures it appears that the rate of inorease
has been 16 per cent for the nine yeara ending 1881, 9 ani
8 pir cent for the next two decades and 0 per ceut for the
decade ending in 1911.
ee FE erential Shs Aeiee
mee eee is shown in the following tab
Propariin ol females per 1,000 wala ie
responsible for much of the disparity, In the town of
Karachi with its large foreign clements, this disparity
very striking. The number of females in the city and oan-
tonment in L011 was only 61,070 as against 00,233 males.
Bat after all hun been said, the paucity of fenuiles in Sind
The density of the population works cut to 44 pe
Daiaie! apace mile for the whole alieintot ta
a 2 per square mile if the town of
Karachi be excluded, The most populous rural trict is
the Delta, ritniegy the talukes of Mirpur Bathora
and Sujawal, which Sitar 145 and 120 to the agar mile
| tavely ; and the least is, of couse, the hill country ::
the Kohistan Mohal shows only 10.
The proportion of the population concentrated in towns
mace W88 34 per cent in 1011 08 ageimst 3]
Cemeua. yams fin, =i 1001. The growth of the town of
Pov, lie rite at whioli it huis frown diurmg
ats seeet | oe the last $9 years is shown in the margin.
isn tnsias «6a:—(‘<éirR XG’ the ‘cantonment, the popu-
0h =~ Tees 10 lation ad ascertained in the genaua of
pant =k 1911 was 140,511, which for on area
of 66 eqitare miles gives 2,068 per mile, | |
‘The proportion Of residents whose home is not in the:
catch ee a ey7 Ctriot is very large. In 1851 it was
Katha | i653 18 per cent of the whole, in 1891 it
pete yee oy sank 3 i6 per cent, but in 1901 it rose
foLk = ade? Again to 23 percent, and in 1011 it wae
Ratoagist i (CM 22 per cent. The countries or districts
Agra and Owth aor from which most of the immigramts
bea Eee
‘tor inthe coast talukasandalsoat Karachi.
- ‘444 Hydernbad formsehed the next largest
. 10359 men in Government service, ot in
‘otal’ ,. LIBA01
as hb
10 EARACHI DISTHICT.
The population, classified according to their religior
Sistlaion: a ay pe in 1911 of 396,334 Mussal-
| “111,521 Hindus, 0,013 (Chris-
tians, 2,202 Zoronsteiana. 050 Jaine and 278 " othere.”
The number of Christians is larger than anywhere else in
Sind owing to the: British troopa stationed at Karachi and
the number of Gioanese. These were attracted by the
pect of Government employment immediately after the
British ocoupition and have remained.
Prominent Tribos and The chiefs of the following tribes
Femiier. reside im the district —
Numria, Jokhia, Karmati, Jat.
The Nuwriss, Lomrias or Na umandis (see ‘A’ Volume,
page 178), olistified among Samas in Table VI, constitute a
| oe part of the population of Lee Bala und held most of
the Kohistan at thestime af British conquest.
chief ia Malk Sobdar Khan Khan yaad Malt Serdar Khan « Fist
Class. Fascdig (see “A ” Volume, Chayter 1X, Alienations).
He resides ut Kotri. Another First Gas J Jai of the
game tribe, Malk Dodo Khan walad Malle Khon,
resides at Thano Bula Khan.
The Jokhias, also included in Baris (see way Volume,
i74), infested the Delta two centuries ago, robbi mer-
chants, and doeomiated the country about Karachi under the
fara a fet in return for the duty 4
"ha KRarmatis are fi Baluch t tribe, deriving their name,
it is said, from Karmat in Makran, where they were settled
sot boete time before. they came into Sind. They penetrated
inpur Sakro where their chief obtained a } jag onthe
| eoetite he should aruster hia tribe for the defence
Tatta wh equired. The present chief is Jam Punhu
— — Wahad Clasa Jagirdars of this
Khairo Khan, Other Fi
tribe in the ate tink are. Al Muhammed walad [brahim
Khan, Ghula cmad walad Khudabokhah, Jafia
1g43 ‘these three tribes gathered ther u | 3
from the Mirs of Hyderabad a attack in British
POPULATION. ial
Karachi, but the news of the battle of Miani dis-
The Jute (sea “ A” Volume, ve 174) are found all over
Sind, but these in the south ac nevlecige as their chief a
Mal who held lands in the Jati Taluka pets haps
ig ita name from them) under title deeds from the Rit
mr of Delhi, The present conneittong is Malk
nil Sidiq walad Malk Ghuleny Hussein, First Clase
Yapirdax:
Besides there chiefs there are the following First Class
Jagirdars of other tribes in the distriet —
Mir Ali Muhammad Khun Abmad Ali Khan and Mix
Hae eat Fics Cass Jaghare in Ghoenbe if
tees family are First Clase Jagirds
h they reside at Digri in the Thar a
ord in the Hyderabad py a 3}
Khan waled Gawhar Khan of the Muri (
. -ip the Manjhand Malial, but resides at
rani in the Sinjhoro Taluka of the Newabshah District.
Two places in the district, Tatta and Lalo, are especially.
associat ex with those families of Saiyids who immigrated
we in the af s of the count country down to the tans
a They favoured and in
sapiber 108 endowed by ihe Sea ti aah Soccenae dynasty,
Ly Tatta they founded many colleges for the study of Arabic
Jearning, and it became what might be called one of the Uni-
versities of Sind, Bukkur the other. Like the religious
orders in Europe m the t ages they did not confine
themselves to religion and earaiae bat it soared ae poli-
oe bed and used it, not always in the interests of peace.
During the govertunient of Sir Charles Napier their claim to
the continunnce of the ullowances which thoy hai been aopus-
toned to receive from the Talpurs was refused, the Govern
ment of India considering that “ the allowances were 1 Hot
pranted for the muintenance of any mosque or religious
establishment of any kind, but were given asa daily all we
ance for tle support af Saiyida and other |
holy,” and that a ehich
it Slot any tins have ben Bald nding on the Bei
Goverument to continue.” Sir Bartle Frere revived the
1g .ARACHI DISTRICT.
‘aL Seon ’ however, and 7 osed, with the View af tu ning
the Sie from a life of religions —_ _ the ursnit
agriculture, that ney Should be: land at
the usual assessment as woulc punk to 4 remission
of Rs. 6,000 a year. The Government of India nssente
but the measure failed owing to the dixinclination aid
unfitness of the Saiyids for agricultural pursuits.
Government of India sanctioned an annual money payme
af Ra. 6,000 to the whole body, leaving them to make sheie
own arrangementa for its distribution, avi this arrar ement
atill continiies in force. The Government of India de
that an endeavour should be made to buy up the interests
of the recipients hy a ready-money payment, but they
ahowed no desire to accept such au offer. The principal
fevre:ilies of Tate Saiyids are the losing
Shins: They state that their pro agenitor, Beivad Shnkrullah,
came to Sind with Shah Bey Arglun (A.D. 1521) and waa
appowted kasi of Tatta. The historian Alisher af aay
author of the “ Tubfat-ul-kiram,” was of this ¢
Mirki, nleo Husaini and Shia, desvended fica Baiyia
Muhsmmiad Mimk, who is said to have conic in the train. of
Shah Beg Arg fin and settled at Tatta. He ia reputed to
2a b wealth, but his descendants gre very
live at Ghorals rand some at Tatta.
dissing tha vols of Jems Palal Spry ol tie (—" Soma
inh va the lSth centy iry) and settled in. Tatta, where
rene above Pd in number. They have many
axe Paap ‘iples
Mazandraui ee aleo Husnini and Shia, descended
from Saivid Badrudin, who is sid to have come to Tatta at
| -(=1500 A. Dh). They are few in amber and
The Lakiari Saiyids, so called because they first settlad
Mattes Gane Ce bad ee ven
that they came to Sind in: the Tunth cantury
. also at Amsi, Manjhand and other places in Mazjhand Mahar
The wyayets of the shrine of La) Shahbaz at Gehan
belongs to this family and is considered the hend of it
18
AG RIOULT URE.
Tables VII and VLE. :
CHAPTER V OF‘ A” VOLUME.
the resulta of survey operations, The “ |
“Not avnilable for cultivation ” consist of (1) nnculturable
lands, comprising hilly tmets, sandy lands amd saline
tracts; (2) lands set apart for ul purposes, viz., for
Government and municipal building i parade gn |
wells yes Rage sneha ee urpises, vix., ee hacia
grounds, roads, musafirkhanas; and (4) land
river take
earodod by the
large of this district, including. the whole of
the fate Mahal of the Kotri Division, ts mountamous
or hilly, The Tatta Division is also on the northern and
western division diversified to some extent by elevated
land, but Shahbandar, the southernmost division of the
Karachi District, is altogether low and flat. and appears
an arenas lam intersected by numerous creeks mnd
channels. the cultivation is dependent on ‘the Indua,
which forms the eastern boundary of the district for so many
miles, on several camils taking out of it, end on the hill
torrents of the Baran, Malir und others. The cultivation
af the district is incrensing owing to constant improvements
in the means of irrigation io nature of the soil and
cultivation | in each taluka is briefly aa follows :—
Tatta: Division consists of the talukns of Tata, Mirpar
Sakro, (shorabari and Karachi.
‘Tatia—lIts alluvial portion consists of a narrow mre
gular tract Hn iit Indo he sooth 6 ache
much intern ¥ whilst in the south
knowh a# the Mukli hille skirts the western side vot the
taluka to the ie ounday of Ghorabari, It i. watered by
the Kalri, Baghsr other canals, About 80 per cent
of the cultivation is by flow.
Mirpur Sakro.—About half of the taluka = unfit for
hubitation and has not been divided imto dah. The -
inhabited ties tothe east. The we ull consists
mostly of kalar - land, while towards the sea tidal creeks:
in
break the conat Ime and, crenioniag the land, form
ge leas bes swamps, The taluka is watered by
sacl ag and other Government canals, but the water
fair, About three-quarters of the cultivation
tsb e fiow hid the rest: by lift.
Ghorabari inclusive of Keti Mahal —Through this
taluka the waters of the river Indus find their rincipal
reaper to the sea by the Ochito and its mouth and irrigate
land. The soil i all-alluvial. In the south, below orcs
Bandar Went is s considerable area of bhal lands freq
: by the sea, but on which red rice is freely cultivated
The water-supply of the taluka away from the river! is
| Karwehi—This is for the most part a hilly country
ee depends on rainfall for cultivation, It’ is, in
more pastoral than agrivaltural. The milch-cows of this
taluka have schiaved act » world-wide reputation, and their
ezport to fareign countries has beet a matter of some concern
for many years past, A Government cattle farm about
eight miles out Kurschi is now to be established to con-
terve atid i re the breed. The wealth of this taluka
lies more in its stock thin in ite crops.
Kotri Division, comprises the Kotri Taluka, Kohistan
and Manjlund Mahals,
Rott consists of two distinct vortions, | A hilly Lespenee
known us the Band Virah Tapa, f orming ec rs
of Kohistan.and a + | of alluvial soil I ny teen
| and the river I ins, The latter w irrigated tigi by the
hdad, Chhanday, Vacheroand other canals.
af Peaatieslscn under flow and. lift ia i Weaoils
ex See miay be ceteriber
16
‘cultivation on ‘rainfall and lnnda irrigated. by canals or
‘directly from the river. The irrigated portion is again
Z ‘into two b the Sonn nai, “north of which the waiter
derived directly from the river, while the southern
portion contains the Government canals Karo, Skah nee
and Butlho, Nearly half the oultivation is
min and the amount of flow cultivation 16 only 8 per een
of the whole.
Shahbandar Division consprises the Shahbandar, Jati,
Mirpur Bathoro anil Sujawal Talukas.
Shahbanday—Ita soil consists of the umal alluvial
loatit, but with on-admixture of sand. Ln the extreme south,
neur the sea, however, where the out-flowing water of the
Indud meets the in-coming tides of the sea, » deposit of soil
takes place, which consists of a soft slimy mud,
named bhal, on which rice is grown, The most charac-
teristic feature of the soil generally is that, wherever the
ailt-laden water of the Indus has ceased to How over it for
a year or two, it turns into kelar, and kalar lands a
become cultivable when overtiowed for two seasons.
chief canals are the Sattah, Khanto, Ghar and Kodatio.
Almost. the vee os the cultivation ia by flow, only about
3 per cent bemg lif
Jati.—The ek of the taluka near the coast it a
maze of tidal creeks, and further inland # saline plain, with
no cultivation and little vegetation, scarcely inhabited I
man or beast. The country towards ards the north-east 4s ct
turable waste land, for which at present there is no Terigation
available. ae it! ee canals ure the Gungro, Sada,
Mirra, Sattah Gungri. Alouwt a whole of the culti-
vation ia by flow, lift forming w very stuall proportion.
Sujuwal.—The most prominent feature of the country
is the so i ery arm fills chin of
depressions sning from Wali Shah on the north-westwards
to Sujawal anc couthwards towards the Gungro canal,
which now, by new drat channels, conveys the foed.
water to the sea below Mughulbhin. For the rest the sail
is the usual slbayiel lonm of Sind, the deposit of the river
Indus. Formerly the taluka was subjected to damned,
floods from the todos, has been d by
but latterly it has
1G KARACHI DISTRICT.
porestal river embankments. The cultivation is mostly by
Mlirpur Bathoro is an alluvial plain well watered by
ai Ealies nud. tvely hak na some minor canals. The
el is comparatively the taluka is consequent!
safe from the great floods to which the udjoinmg depressions 4
of Sujuwal are occasionally subjected, The cultivation rr
mostly by flow.
The various kinds of acil areso called by the: people in
considerntion of the particular crops which can be
upon. them. Thus in pr ¢ a *kalrati’ ‘toil is only
suitable for rice hs dasar’ for juari, bajri and green
gram, “wartast’ for gourds and melons, ‘rao’ for juan,
Wheat and green gram, “ ‘Shor kalur” in unsuitable for any
kind of =
Kuarr Crops,
Rice.—Rice is the staple food crop of the district and
is cultivated in all purts except Karachi Taluka and Kohistan
and Manjhand | Both white and rod tive are
but the lntter variety is the more common. The nal white
Varieties aré known a9 tetria and sathria, whilst the red are
called motia, ganja and kambru.
_ Tvart.—More than half the cultivation of this crop ja
“ev gn Hotes Tulika, some in Karachi, Tatta and
ae Two varieties, white and ved, sre grown.
—Except in the hilly tracta of Kohistan and
Munjband bajri is gtown throughout the district.
Sevame,—The cultivation of seaame is small and
generally distributed.
Green grom— This is chictly cultivated in M ur
: Shahhandar and sed Salo,
Ram Cnors.
_ Wheat-—Pinctically the entire wheat crop is
waritios are grown. The crop prin py te
cha onc other Ncovdats ‘fg ave! heen merged by
pee dmg pie at adler iit
AGRUICULTIPRE. - i7
have been given a flooding by wheel irrigation towards the
end of the oo Ee taiser (ioe :
bart Sayre? iz sine grown in Tatte, Ghorabari,
and Sujawal.
“Barta and Jambho—The cultivation of soria (colza) is.
chitefly uusilertakent in Kotri and Mirpur Sakro, Jambho
Chicklin veteh,—This is ‘gprines grown in kacha
lands whith have been submerge tm spill of the Indus
in | "Tatts, Ghorabari and E shbandar and also on bost
indigenous. vegetables ‘im common use
ar in all talukus. Furopean vegetubles are
poms in The lis of Kavachi and Mulir, and in the
ons at the taluka headquarters.
Fruit trees-—Fruit gardens are found at Malir incl
Karachi. The best mangoes, guavus, igs anil areyoe ts in -
the district are grown al Mulir. Grapes.are chiefly gr
in Karachi. The date-palm only | owrishes at Koi be
Covonut trees are found at Karachi und at Keti Bandar.
wa 1ipr—
18 . RARAGH] DISTRICT,
IRRIGATION.
Tables IX and xX.
OHAPTER VI IN“ A" VOLUME.
_. The irrigation system tannot be treated by revenne
districts, as thoes dc hot correspond with the districts inte
which Sind is divided by the Irrigstion Daparts ent,
ugures telating to all canals, of whic any portion enters
the Karachi District, will therefore he found in able X, and
for a full account of these the “ A" Volume may be oon-
sulted. The extent und methods of cultivation by means of
canal water are dealt with under the head “ Agri ture.”
xcONOMIC, 0
ECONOMIC,
Tables XI ond X11,
CHAPTER VII OF “ A" VOLUME.
credit a indebtedness have been
aie me rl eo Slit norco ect sax. rie
ume et 1 \ 7 te an
feature. There ie indeed a remarkable uniformity in the
rites of wages in the different diatricts.ax shown 4 in Table XII.
Tn Karachi town a coolie can earn perhaps twice what he can
anywhere else, but the average is not appreciably uffroted
by that. The price of most grams is lower in Karachi Die
trict than alsowhere and all imported articles are naturally
cheaper. 7
FARACH] DIETRIOT.
COMMUNICATIONS, TRADE AND INDUSTI
CHAPTER VIII OF “ 4" VOLUME
The district was formerly 2 difficult country to travel
m, North of a line drawn from Karachi to Tatta it con-
sisted af rocky hills or waterless wastes : south of that line
1t was for half the year u waste of water, where the rice waa
eaped in boate and the wandering Jats voyuged on flosta of
grass. Natural conditions remain the same, but in the
Sotith the inundation hag to some extent been brought under
Testramt and canals have been bridged, while in the north
| roads have been made and rest-louses
Reads, multiplied. Above all a riilway now
triverses the distrint from Karachi to
Laki with stations on an average at every eighth mile, The
yr taen beta Sessted as a whole in Chapter ee of the
“A” Volume, and so have t postal: lwlegrapli systems. .
Something remains to be said about the road#, There are
three main lines of road starting from Karachi which follow
the ald trade routes—one to Tatta and on to Lakhpat in
Catch “and two to Sehwan for Shikarpur and the north. Of
the latter, one passes through Kotri und is best known us the
Hyderabad toad: It takes the same course as the railwas
anid is therefore very little used. Tho stages on the ah
sate exhibited in the following statements :—
a |
| Meet fre Korracks to Sch wien,
From Rare) 10) |Govd and rung ovroran Musafirkhane (well water
— & oltenave plain. :
1 ‘|B (ead Lor (faa tment pune. Liv.
Kate} ve ES flood, tt. rocky Rae ee pind middalickhanag
rie ie! et «| Well wetee ancl camping grmend.,
=
fii F
s
=
at
-
ef
=
Talia
freer.
Miro Lagheri 1 Good and #hnity sate Me ape
Mughullhin 1 yen sige sss fabipaer pelt cad ant
“5 Oy eer Pt
ver - Pha. | Musefirthene; water
; | ated io omae Of Tene
Husafirkhane svah iss reel paw agp mer, “of the Kao of
thie (bie rine. Seveet water i
| brought from Lakinpat.
am.
Bkian Yr | “ ae, if ! ownlla.
Manjhent ws Sete bark sod alk irectesceceur teat
is a mile to tho weet,
waz Todos water,
Lai .-| to ai
apttincs nd Dhan
= milve 10 the
;
2
Pive miles turther, et Mortlaty, ja the boundary of the district.
) KARACHI DISTRICT,
The other main toads through the district are :—
(1) Dabheji station to Gharo (7 miles), to Mirpur
Sakro (15 i), to Buhara (6 per to Garho
(18 ne and to Keti Bandar (16 miles
2) Jongshahi to Tatts (13 =o aaleal ue
Pir Patho (13 miles), to Kotri Allahrakhio
(12 miles), to Garho (18 miles) and to Keti Bandar
(16 miles).
(8) Kotri to Thano Bula Khan (82 miles).
(4) Bujawal to Mirpur Bathoro (15 miles).
(a). Karachi to Pir Mangho (10 miles) and to the
Habb river (7 miles).
ange tat te tion of the roads from Karachi to Pir
pe: Vides hahi station to Tatta none of fee
Senet Sedalia ene Except in municipal to
Sage
i oS he O
] | been mainly by camels, an carts have been
ca ‘Since rvs ‘of the railway traffic has
i With the development of motor
transport the Deailting of the main roads may became
Th this Delta the traffic is almost entirely by water,
Numerous creeks and channels are connected by cross
channels, so that small bouts ten teas ther way at high
water in any direction within o distance of fifteen to twenty
miles from the shore.
sea, ile between Kett Bandar and Karachi is mainly by
sea, except during the monsoon months,
_. There are sumerous ferries pl the xnyer
Indus. Ms catteli-ary on the ville oo hanees
The great fillies fr teatiport in ovary direction which
Trade and intetries, !8t nOW make it almost .
to give any aceou |
tricta, ‘The trude of Karachi is
for the ‘trade of Sind and it eet
Chapter VIL of the “ A” Ve one atl
+ Melina adietigrrhte tha ge Port of ‘Earache Within
district the movement of trade consista chiefly in the
and up to the present have
hag
77
7 tion of the of the boats that
¢ho a the cargo fe ont ta (
flowing leptin tp to Karachi of the rice, wheat, wool,
hones, hides and other produce of the country, and the dis-
tribution from Karschi, by way of the smaller towns, of
is, sugar, keroame oil and the miscellaneous
jufnctared articles from Bombay and Europe which
people have learned to require. Among these, ironmongery
ard chemical dyes may be specially mentioned. The means
of transport ure road and rail in the northern half of the
district and water in the southern. That which takes the
formor ia nowhere registered in a form that can be made
use of here, and it is ess important. That which takes the
latter has two are gates—Keti Bandar and Sirganda—
whore it is all registered im in the Custom Houses at those
places (4. v. under gee ak A good deal of px
ce, however, finds its way by the Ghoaro creek to (him
Banilar, which is a sub-port of Karachi, and is. therefare
absorbed in the trade of Karachi. Both Keti Bandar and
Sirgunda have a certain amount of direct trade with Cuteh,
Kathiawar and even Zanzibar ; but the greater part of their
exports first go to Karachi und are eventually included in
the Oa Se gos Basel hares dl apis The expor
of the district, of the province, always largely exceed th
imports ‘and consist almost entirely of raw produce, rice
| preponerating over al) else. There are no arts or mant-
in the district of sufficient importance to deserve
mention at all asan element im the trade, though from other
mts of view some, like the weaving of longis at Tatta, are
Baperting These are described in the general article in
the "A" Y (scape and are menos also fe SORnGEIO Wise
laces at whi Chay A085 ADEA Ly: ere 18, LoWever,
aoe oma 9e eB vt ee ee erect»
. aise it many a
eyeing of a local traffic hy no means insignificunt.
This is the manufacture of mate (pankhs) from the rank
grasses, sar and kanh that grow on the river banka. These
mats bmw are used for temporary huta, boat Gwnings
4, forma very conmiderable propar-
ly ae the mouths of
REVENUE.
Tables AJV, AV AAU-A, XXLI-B, XXIII, XXIV,
AXV, XXVE-A and AXVI-B.
CHAPTER FX OF “ A" VOLUME,
Table XV detaila the rates of azsesament payable under
the current settloment in each tuluka of the diatrict. The
history of the various kinds of settlements that have been in
force inthe province from time to time have been given in
Chapter LX of the A” Volume. The trrigationul settlement
isin tose in every taluka, except Karachi, and the Manjhand
and Kohistan Mahals. The irrigated portions of Karachi
Taluka near Malir and Landhi, comprising three tapas, were
settled for the first time in 1911-12, The remninder of the
taluka ts divided into five tapas which have been roughly
surveyed. The mtes in force in these are 8 annas per adore
Se ee a by tie 12 annas for ploughed barani, aes I
ed by lift, In the hilly country of Manj
and Kohietan it is impossible to pring cultivation sae ea
very definite rules as it dep ee ee
ge are raised whenever there is sufficient moisture in
2
The figures of revenue given in Table XXII-A ‘are
pended under different heads m the six succeeding talles
The couingheben rian which zheng niecellaneous
tub-heads in seal lies separate notice, includes, in thi
instunce, the imperial customs revenue ted at Karachi,
Keti Bandar and Sirsands, and nearly four- ftths of the
whole salt revenue of the province, and therefore amounts
‘to more thap the double of all the other heads put together.
It also includes the revenue derived from fisheries, but not
—_ revenue, which is hence A seal a Table XI.
prepara eda “he hitry end managenent fot ike
eA Volume.
customs and aalt revenie are described With excise,
tampa, income tax, eto., in Chapter LX of that
The giole al pale rein. fr ac bs redtrsert collected
at the Maurypur Salt-works, « description of w in given
below under “Places of Interest." Allusion to these
Bile vone th has already been made in Chapter IX of the
“A Volume.
3
&
The riglt to fish inthe Indus snd in the canals and
= dhands withm the District is .
ee sold by anotion, In tho ease of
canals and dhands filled by canals, the right is sold
by auction and the proceeds ate oredited to the Pubhe
orks Department.
In the case of the river and of dhands fillod by the inun-
dation, the Revenue Department sells the right: and receives
the proceeds,
wv MiS—i
TUSTIOR.
Tables XVI, XVU, XVIU, XIX, XX and XXI.
CHAPTER X IN“ A“ VOLUME,
In addition to the Court of the Jadicial Commissioner
of Sind at Karachi, which is also the
ee "pee ee Court of Sessions and District Court
for the Karachi District, the
Criminal and Civil Courts exist in the district
diction of each is specified :—
Hace of Coork | JF iruechictuan.
_ « Bort Officer Kiameri antl Manors.
oo Crt: i oa
“any re Additions tional City Magivtrate Within’ Karmihi Clty divided
ow City: Dheputy: Calleetor
Karachi
te District Magistrate i# by law a melee
The Sub-divisional Maretcaten, the
trates and the Magistrates in Karachi are
fe i ponents
In the district ten tration Sub-districta have been
oteat of with offices at Seren Mis-
Bale ‘chan The Registration Sub-districts correspond there-
fore with two exceptions to the revenue divisions of talukus
and mahals. Sujawal and Manjhand have not yet been
formed es “separate Registration Sub-districts, Deeds
relatinit to property sitnated in Sujawa!l are presented to
-R egistrar of Mirpar Bathoro, while deeds relating:
to property in Manjliand Mahal are presented to the Suh-
Registrar, Kotri, who for the purpose in required to_ visit
Miunjhand. for one week every month. At Kar li, Keotri,
Tatta and Mi ur Bathoro the work is dour by full- tine Subl-
Registrars ; ahi it is. done by the taluka Head Munshis
in addition. to their own. duties.
Talla. eleven thi sth idiary jauls,
=e taluka, or mahal, head-
quarters town, except K Besides these there :
police Gaskins at certain of the police stations.
The Karachi prison, to which figures in Table XXI
relate, was situated in the jall quarter of the town, on the
Bandar Road, having been conrtructed in 1858 at # Gost of
Ra. 1,}2,412 and covering 10} acres. For niany yeara it
roved to be quite inadequate, and in 1906 a epacions new
wus opened on the p north of the water-works rose.
VOIr, Fh Sanne Presi rowl running north-e ’
Soldiers’ Bazaur. aten within the oater wall, which is
13 feet high, ia 10,889 square yards and proviiles accom
modution for 325 males and 17 females, The several barracks,
celly and workshops for male prisoners are surroumled by
an inner wall 0 feet high. Between the two, im separate
enclosures, ure female cells, wards for Europeans, ghee
te., ¢ Onp The soma tescares barracks
~ubicles of strong wire-netting. The
. : for the jail staf are all ovtaile of t the main wall.
: ‘e total cast of the building was Rs. 3,57,000.
99 KARACHI DISTRICT.
LOCAL ano MUNICIPAL.
Tables XXVIE-A and Bond XXVITI.
CHAPTER XLIN “A” VOLUME
> EE Loca. Boarps.
The District Local Board is composed of 12. nom inated
2 ah rosacea arse ei The former inchide the Collector
who is always appointed President, two Assistant Collectors,
one District Deputy Collector, the Huzur Deputy
and the Executive Engineer, Karachi Canals The elected
members const of ane momber spe ‘each: of the ‘Talika
Beards, one from the Karachi Municipality and one from
the holders of entire allenuted villages. The Vice-President
is now for the first time 4 non-official,
There is a Taluka Local Board for each taluka, the
number of members depending upon ita size. ‘The Assistant
Collector or Deputy Collector: in ol of the taluka is its
President, and non-official jal Vice: Presidente ape iy _ heang
appotnted, as opportunity for doing so presents
The tables give detuils of the revemie a expendit
of the Boards. Besides the maintenance of roads, which
invelves keeping in repair some 800 important bridges, the
District Board kept up the following important works
during the year 1915-16 :—
62 wells and tanks.
10 travellers’ bungalows,
60 dharamshalas.
103 schools.
1) dispensaries.
rai by Boatd vontribute| to the ia institutions in
fei) -—
Dayaram Jethmal Bind College ~ by) I
Btad Madreseah i ee 1800
Zoulog : cal Garden -, 1,000
n Female Hospital, Karachi : .. 2250
peed oye ye tears -» 1,000
Tatta Municipality {or maintammg schools and dis-
pensaries 1,000
= diese “aedaant! aula for maintaining school and
Kase D
The Board keeps up some
vaouina ting estublishment of the "dubeict
MUNIOIPALITIES.
© The progress and the present position of municipal
government m Sind are sketched is Chapter XA of the
“A” Volume. When Bombay Act V1 of 1873 was extended
to Sind on ist Oetober 1878, the Karachi District had Muni-
cipal Commissions in 14 towns, 8 af which, having les
than 2,000 inkubitanta, were excluded by that Act, Of the
Temaining towns, Karachi having more than 16,000 inhu-
bitants became.a “ City where ead while rig fallowi
five: became “Town Municipalities ">—Kotri, Manjh
, Mirpur Bathoro and Keti Bandar, The last hud
been eroded oS the river in 1877, but arose again na new
place. In 1878 the Karachi Municipality set the example
to Sind of levying «a house-tax ond wus followed by Kotri
and Keti Bandar. The elective avstem was introduced in
Karnchi and Kotri in 1884, When the enuctmenta of 1878
and 1878 were Rc ierets by Bombay Act If] of 1901, which
amenied and consolida ter the whole Jaw relating to muni-
eipalities ie cies and ais of the Presidency other than
the city of Bombay, Karachi continued to be a City Mumici-
pality, The Municipality of Mirpur Bathoro waa abolished
in 1895, hut the other four mentioned above remain to
this day,
The Karachi Municipal Conneil m 1615-16. comusted of
42 hice of whom 24 were elected by
2 by the Chamber of Commerce,
ts’ Association and 14 were:
Sipstis inten Mestan
au
nominated by the Commiasioner in Sind. The Presiont is
a non-official. The executive Site Mae lanagme Committees
of 9 members, of which the president 1s Chairman :
Vice-President a member.
The area originally assigned to the Municipality am-
braced 71°42 square miles af ground and there has sinee
been little change m these limite, € ab ai a 1008 Manora,
comprising an area of 2°2 square - iles, levlared to be
a Cantonment and the minteipal bekiesta res were udjusted
aceortingly.
The average income of the Municipality since the ret
1904-05 lias been Ks, 17,535,287 and the expenditure
Rs. 16,84,134. Up to 1915 octroi was the mam source of
the ineame, accounting for more than one-half of it. In
thst year a terminal tax was introduced im liew of it, The
‘total revenue derived from the tax up to March Sist, 1014,
was Fes, 2,24,546-18-0 ond that for the year 1016-17
Rs. 6,42,787-10-7. The rest of the revenne is derived from
water rate, conservancy cess, howse-tax, reuts, the sule
of land, market and sluughter- -house fees, tax on animals and
vehicles, miscellaneous items and coutributions, Govern-
ment muke an annual grant equal to one-half of the muni-
cipal expenditure on prumary education, and smaller con-
tributions for ei aid educational purposes ato also
received from. the the Loval Board.
vost of general administrati¢
conservancy, Toads, wahools anid ‘alba, drainage,
libraries and soouevary! hospitals sn age "The
Municipaty bogs eh primary & an ays grants
| 5 secondary schools rachi 1 the
Paap site in Bin that nusintains an cgncy of its own for
the registration ‘ft births and ces Registrar ia
sino Supermtenden of Vacvination. The itl
tania at Rs. 17,71,350 is being patd off by mes
inking fund. ‘This debt was incurred on sooount. of
water worke and | in which the ourrent espendie
ture ia aleo heavy ; but in the case of the water works it is
reproductive exp expenditure, and even the | ¥
hee been made to yield « certain amount algrevenne by its
connection with a farm.
Kotri is the only town in the district, except Karachi,
which enjoys the | apes of electing a portion of ite cor-
poration. 5ix of the twelve are elected and the remminder
poniinawed by $6 Commeaoner i in Sim. Inthe other three
ipalities the members are all nominated, either by name
or in virtue of their offices. In Kotri the Deputy y¥ Collector
is the President and the Mukhtyarkar has invariably been
elected to the office of Vice-President. The same is the
cas¢ in Manjhand, the Mahalkari of the mahal being the
Vice-President. In Tatta and Keti Bandar the Awsatant
Collector m charge of the division is the President and the
Mukhtyarkar always the Vice-President. All theas Muni-
cipulities derive their revenue princtpally ‘from octroi duties,
fu Kotri and Keti Bandar there is a house-tax, but it scarcely
yiolls aa much revenue in the former place as {ees from
markets and, sisughter-houres, nor im the a eee as mueh
as the cattle-poond. A refund of octro i duty ts =e
granted if appl for on gooda Which are
two mit all the Téefunda do not amount to more igs
6 or 6 Shee Se drergeer de The incidence of taxation
ranges. Re. 1-4-2 ead per annum in Manjhand to
Rs. 2-13-09 in Kotri. heaviest charges on the revennes
oe ined mind pene
conservancy. The balance of the |
$2 KanAcH? b
one-third of the amount expended by it on education: and
the Lowa! Board always mukes a r ooababation: towards the
| ry- On the che hand the Municipulitics pay
something to the Local Funds for the services of their vao-
cinstors.. None of these four Municipalities has any debt.
On the contrary their account show a oredit balance, which,
in the case of Keti Bandar, amounts to five times a years
revenic.
CAS TONMENTS.
The Karachi a has existed ever since the
- conquest and an area of 2°02 at
milan was reserved for it by Sir Bartle
Frero when fixing the municipal limits in 1858. [ts present
grea is 10°57 mec $3 gunther (8 Rae F marie an Sadar
Bazaar, whieh was orally included i Cant a
was lunded over to fhe Mivema
wis mode i in 1800 whereby the Mun
fact Hut if recovers wheel-tax, ete,
Cantonment, pays to the Cantonment Committee 4 an Snail
sum of Res. 7,000 for repair of roads, lighting, ete. Other
sources of Cantonment revenue are land, house and con
servancy taxes, etc., the Income from which for the last ten
sraged Hs. 40,983. The average expenditure,
chiefly on conservancy, has been Ra, 42,704. The Cantan-
ramp Conumittes is constituted under the Cantonment Code
of 1899. and consists of the et dig th a succeed. to ie
ig es rate Magistrate, the Sanitary. Offic
King ee District ot af i
ruin ric Li e ficers as may ada in. Station
mute ey ache
and
pinilarly “i the Distr Jisent# from any
decision of the Committee on the ground that if i# preju-
dictal to the public health, safety or convenionce, he
may refer it to the Local Government throtigh the Com-
miasione©r.
LOCAL AND MiTNiclPat. ag
In October 1903 the whole of Manora wns declared a
stasis Cantonment. The area included ia
302 acres and 32 gunthas, Baba nnd
Bhit not being part of it: The Committes consists of five
members, one of whom rept ute the Port Trust. The
tonment Mayistrate of Karachi ix the Secretary. The
seaites of revente are property rate on houses and lands,
4 sonitary oess on non-mi tary residents and a tax on
vehicles and animals. Until these imposta were sah
in Novernber 1905, the Committee was depencde
Government, grant-in-aid. Since then its average i
haa been Ns..3,998 and the overage expenditure R
ee sastiary soegs ib the Cantonment are inaintained by
7 | artment ‘atid she eches node ey the
Cantonment Commnittes
elie
4 KARACHI DISTRICT,
EDUCATION,
Tables XXIX-A, B, O.and D.
CHAPS ES ATI IN © A” VOLO ME,
Table XXTX-B gp Ame res of sei sate
institutions exieting im uring shoot nays
ranergeriprope i al boys and gir ® Hlaetioal Depa netrun-
tio im them. These 1 : by the Tulucati it
ment and assisted by Government are classed as io
others aa private. The Primary Schools deshribed ae Public
‘indigenous are thowe whieh, though they do mob teach
according to prescribed stumdarda awl therefore do sot
receive grants-in-aid, sulmit to inapodtion and get & snull
subsidy on certain conditions. Under the present cates mn
mant-in-aid is made by Government from provincial
‘ ib (a al] schools mph pens ba
prescribed | ifions, i¢ grint in each ense is
accessed by the Educational Inspector, or hy one of his
susistants, and ts limited to one-half of the loewl assets, or
one-third of the total expenditure of the institution, during
| revious official year except in the case of Girls
School where the maximum grant is equal to half
of the expenditure, ard the Indigenous Schools where the
grant ranges from Rs. 2 to 6-fora boy according to the
standards, For each girl the grant ia double of that for a
boy in the corresponding standard. The details of the
expéniliture will be found in Table XXIX-D. The duty of
abana primary education devolves in raral and non-
ssunicipa areas on the Local Boards and constitutes in
f
unicipal areas one of the statutery obligations of the
Manicibality. The development of these institutions during
the Last twenty years is shown in Table XXIX-B. The
extent to which the measures adopted by these public bodies
are seconded by private enterprise is also exhibited.
_ All the Local pear oy a Schools are boys’ Pa
race gis tegergea PS
4 8 num
ok up toidhe O0). oheniaed
mar of Spee dfs “the
ang are Poe
chikiren of cam-payers ‘Hdvcefion. in, thee’ school i
EDUCATION. a6
artly free. The percentage af p pu no fees im
the o¢al Board Bohools is 86" i. ts He of the
schools no fees are charge, in the remainder a
emall fee ‘om 6 phase Sianan al manele RES
Even in those schools there is a free list’ comprising 26 to
76 per cent of the pupils.
‘The tuition. in 5 eo imary Schools is peng
ith that given in Local Schools teaching
the 7th Vernacular stander. Under this head t pat
are 14 Girls’ and 19 Boys’ Behools, Although Arabic-
Simihi Seliools form the op seine! there are many Gujarati
Schools te mest the needs of the Parsis, ———, erica
and othurs who form i Coe
the population of Karachi. There « Marathi Bay :
1 Marathi Girl’, 1 Urdu Boys’ and ‘ Ueda Cirle’ Schiaals
in Karachi; | Gujarati Boys’ School and 1 Gujarati Girk’
Bchool in Tattn and. A mixel aaa me soe Bandar.
bit schools af this deésori sthou exhibit little vitality and
constitute an inappreciable element m the sdueational
system of the district.
aoliool feos for boys, which
$ annas a month according to the stand:
of Mussalmans receiving instruction in Maziickpal ; Pr
Schools is about 36 per cent of the total.
Of the aided scliools 22 are for boys and P2 for girls,
More than half of them are Gujarnti Behools, the rest bei
Arabio-Sindhi with the exception of a fow Marathi
Devanagri Schools, Two of them sre branches of the Ohitrch
Mission High School and one of the Sind Madresaah, to
whieh they act as feeders, Saven of the 19 Girls’ Schools
have been started by the Church Mission Zonana Socety
in different localities in Karachi, Most of ‘thw Boys"
Schools teach only up te the 4th Vernacular ‘stundard.
After completing thia cconres, # boy is transferred, if he
wishes to acquire an Mnglish education, to an Anglo-Vern- :
cular School, or to one of tho vance imei ne is
open to him to prosecute his: stucdice the Vernacular
tp to the 7th standard in one of tho schools teaching
all the coer! aba change
=
EARAQHT DIKTHRICT:
36
up ‘to this standard. The fees charged from boys
in these institutions range from 1 to §8 annas
mensem socording to the standard. The number
of Mussalmans receiving instruction in Aled Pmmary
a mele agen to only 30 per cent of he. total. Th
ivate management, I these institutions are classed
as om Pull Schools hocwuse the are Inspected by and conform
to the standards of the ucationsl Department. They
repuliy in-aid from Government. There are
tiro Government r Schools nt Manor.
The Indigenous Schools consist principally af Koran
lasses which have deseeniled to the present tithes from the
_ of native mile. These classes, which are commonly
presere Ke ues or in sheds adjoming the mosqnes, are
nespoariare ng of the girls, whom the Mullah
o-Vernacular ar Middle Schools in the
; eat Sotioo!
hand. $: ont of the biter. Manipal Schoo
and the former 10 are aided ones, The European School at
Kotri was opened in 1870 and is aided by Government... The
iture in 1915-16 amounted to Re. 4,500, of which
Ra. 1,260 was contributed by Government, Es. 1,694 were
met from fees and the rest from the municipal funds. The
first five standards are tanght in the school, The sumber
of pupils on the rolls of the school in March 1016 was 83,
_ Theschool at Tatts which was opencd about 1856 is also
aided” Government and had 148 pupils on its rolls in March
1916. The ex ire Mm "1015-16 amounted to Ra, 6440,
of which Rs. 2,183 Gent contributed by Government,
Rs. 2.556 were met from fees and the rest from munici
funds and other sources. The school teaches up to
first six six standards. The school at Manjhand wan started
in 1916. Hy ie: only Ree hod tate the
Educational D e The school teaches up to the
Ofkies private ‘Aiplo-Vecuacslar Bohool in Karachi
Boys’ School aad the Edward yackaen pg at Kismari
There are gleotwo Girls’ Anglo-Vernscular Schoolx, one
dards. ‘There were 27 pupils in March 1916.
*
7
EDUCATION. 87
Minas Shoat Se 8 Ok Bes 2s Zenaps
Under the class “ English Middle | red
by Government there are only two at ‘Karachi One |
Girls’ Convent School and the other the Parish Schoo!
They are classed as Indigenous and are paid « small grant
‘by Uovernment.
The Girls’ Convent School at Karachi has-existed sepa
ritely since 1900.and teaches up to the 6th English prvi
There were 206 girls on the roll at the close of the year.
1915-10, mostly native Christians. Though organically
distinct, this school ia under the same mankgement ns the
Convent High School, of which it was till recently a portion,
and it i#-cairned on in the same building.
The Manora School was founded in 1866 for the eduoa-
tion of the children of Europeans and Eurasians resident
ut Manors aml Kiameri. It is controlled by « Committee,
of which the Port Officer ia ex officio President, and taught
by 4 mistress who has free quarters on the premises, There
were 27 children (boys and gia) ou the roll m 1015-16, The
Kotri School was veils & started at « very early date,
when the Indus Flotilla and the terminal station of the
autukea Railway brought together 1 » considerable
ite HAY
important ae Ax an Aided Middle School tt detes from
1884-85, It is controlled by a Local Committee, In
1015 there were 17 pupils on the roll, all Christiana.
} There is another English School at Kotri under Roman
Catholic nuttagerent, which is called St. Mary's School.
Tt teaches up to the 6th standard of the seeondary course,
but itis neither registered nor sided by Government. It
receives, however, a grant from the railway,
The Karachi Narayan Jagarnath High School was the
first Government schoo establixhed in Sind, It was opened
in October 1855 with 68 boys. The building, which was
situated at the junction of the Bandar and Mission i
was designed by Lientenant Ohana and the Muni
ahared the coat of erection with Government. tt was
aT by the prevent buildings, which have
coat (inclusive of additi na in "1896 ond 1900) Rs. 43,204
and provide actommodation for 17 classes. ¢ number
40) KARACIIT DETRICY.
the old Chapel for the Boys’ School, which had grown into
a High School, coe eae re building was erected in 1895
on a free aite granted b Vantonment authorities and
coet Ra, 51,882, as rg which Government granted
Rs. 13,036 and the Roman Catholic Mission contributed
Rs. 37,748, The building contains one lar ¢ hall anil 8 cluss-
‘rooms with woceasories, In March 1916 | he number on the
tolls was 36], neurly all Kuropeans, E i
Christians, A few Hindus, Muzzal,
sttend.
St. Joseph's Convent School has nally
out of the mixed shod openod by the vorenge} Wilk
in 1861. The girls were separated in the falowing
year and taken charge of by some nuns of the Co egation
of the Daughters of the Cross, and a single-star Ted
Leon wie erected for their accommodation. In 1870
peti wis ber central tower 60 feet liigh were added
became a handsome and imposing structure.
Bat ae the number of boardera and day 50 olara increased,
further acu soins bar me yr, and a third <<
wes added, ations and lofty dormitories
1807 A 1807 lange pay shoahel was built: on the. site of the old Se
urch, and in 190) a new aisle was added on to
sited hip The total cost of the building hus been
wbuat a 7 of which Government granted Its 25,000; =
ast ription. ‘The accommodation
now comprises 16 idansabomil “2 refectories, 3 dormitories,
2 infirmaries and 19 other rooms, including the Sisters’
quarters, In 1900 the school was divided into two distinct
institutions—an English- ‘teaching Day Rehool for native
Christians ond others, which has aiready hven mentioned
whe: Middle Schools, and a Boarding and Day Behool for
ai which teaches up to the High:
: i The number of pupila in the latter is
about 219, of whom 00 ere boarders ebm ce
are 12 nines of the above mentioned '
ols Sisters sinder a Lady Superior. They :
peer ister ili
EDUCATION, 4
education. In 1846 Major Preedy entrusted his school to
a anceg, veh f residents, who in 1853 passed it on to the
hur races sume coniition on which
hey ha ee that ull instruction, as far us the
ermitted, should be imparted by means of Chrie
blications and that these should include ade the whole
Bible This condition is still observed. The Miseion after-
wards acquired Major Preedy’s kacheri as 4 Mission House
and the little building which he erected in the compound for
his School is said to survive as the hall of the present school
house. It now éantaing 14 rooms with accommodation
for 250 boys. The number on the roll in March 1910 was 417;
of whom. 256 were Hindus, 77 Brahmins, 82 Jains, 35}
mans, 0 native Christians, 2 Parasia and 8 Jews. The anual
cost of the school, so far as if can be dissosiated from the
general Mission work, is about Ra. 6,000.
The Dayaram Jethmal Sind College origmated in a
memorial sent to the Education Commission which was
sitting in Bombay in 1882, urging the desirability of estah-
lishing o college in 1 Sind. The vontribution , nteed at
that time not being considered sufficient, a Committee was
formed to collect funds and was able in 1886 to offer an
endowment. fumd of Re, 76,000, To the i interest of this the
rpalit and Local Boards ngreed to add a sum of
Oper anmim. Government, still declining to found
: 3 colle e, promised a grant- in-aid of Rs. 10,000 if one were
“al The Commuttee accepted the offer offer and started
oe Sind Arts College in a hired bungalow, The contrel of
it was handed over to the Sind College Board, which was ”
afterwards amalgamated with the society of suhecribers,
which had been registered us the Sind as Association.
Thiv arrangeme aan connnse,
Commissioner in Sind r. (
cost Ha. 186,514, - which aa om Rs. 77,108, the
balance being raised by subscription, to which Muni
ties, Loca] Boards anil private in individuals of all classes con-
tritmted with remarkab lity. ii arc NAITO
“The Dayaram Jethmal Sind College”
the memory of the late Honourable Mr. ea Jethetal
on Wl
-
42 KARACHI DISTRICT.
Re 2 of = members’ of whose ving 4 ws Golan wee
ret orthat purpose, The site for the wis
frantec i silty foe of charge.
iineerme class, which had existed in
Hyderabad for some time, was made a branch of the College,
Government promising an annual grant of Ra. 2,000 to
nesiat it.
In 1804 His Excellenoy Lord Harris laid the foundation
of a hostel on another site granted by the Municipulity
on the other side of the road fronting the College. It was
— ed in 190) as the © Motharam Hostel ” in honour
Rao Bahadur Diwan Metluram Gidumal, who coutri-
buted Hs. 15.000 towards ite cost, The total cost wos
Hts. 1,18,935-0-8, of which Government granted one-half,
In 1916 the College teok over the per i floor of the
main building hitherto oceupied by the Victoria Museum.
In the same year a Biological Laboratory and a Swimming
se were ev
College is a of ce moat. lnuildings irs
Karache par adjunet nie Victoria Museum, it
hes a fo Y feat th Wreth, facts cing south-west on. the
Kacheri ae athe front cousiata he o plinth 5 see high,
an open arcade of dressed stones tir ary:
oslo
supporting
the whole length of the building. In the centre i is
ig Sl ee lecgget B
® ty w 7 c The
the portico are 20 feet hi ventral tower ri
the portico to a height « 1a feet and has 8 ay 30 eal
in diameter, built in stone, rtico leads to an open
vestilile, which in tarn feat to 0 the miuin stairense, which
is situated under the dome. The floors of these apartments
are laid with Mosaic tiles from Belgium. The main stnircase
i8 8 feet. wide and is of ell tt mut aad
| cast-iron yore In the
pac hall, G4 tose lotig by #4 wads not a 6 hi
from: thocr to, coin, Thee ee ee
ipper story, thus he Oe tee
aaaaton for 82 boanlels ati: is cpa full.
The med stuff of the College consiats of » Principal
Vice-Prinzipal and © Professors, assisted by seven teachers,
Lovturers smi Fellows The fetes of instruction ——
ie full curriculum m Arte of the Bombay University.
King ing there is a thtee years’ course, concluding
ab examination conducted by members of the Public Worka
Dapavsbuadt, auwess in which leads to appointment in that
departinent.
Rk are ee cea gen Alcea one students
in tho a Calage ex Ut special St ups Ii prizes
and tnedale provided by private generosity.
The fees ure:
Arte Branch .. Re. 45 4 term, Re 00 o vear:
A arr EOE 4 Branch aa iT
Engi
The number of students in this Arta Branch’ in 115-16
was 268, of whon 181 were Hindus, 9 Brahmins, 39 Maho-
medans, 19 Parsia, 14 Europeans and Eurosians and 7 et
and 33 Hindus and Mahomedans were in the Engincermg
Branch.
The average annual expenditare on the maintenance
of the College is about Ra. 66,600 spurt from the Eugineer-
ing Branch which costs separately about Rx. 7,000, The
income consists of the Government grant of Res. Stews
grants from Municipalities and Loral Boards aggregat
about Its. 18,000, the interest derived froin the Enc owmenlt
Fund about Rs: 6,000, and fees which have risen in 10 years
from Tia. 13,000 to Its. $2,500, The total income in 1915-16
was 5, Ba, ec Rs. 6,877 derivel from. tho
44 KARACHI DISTRICT.
perty of the late Colonel Cory, who edited
From 1902 to 1912 it was edited by his
diughter Mrs. Tato. In 1886 it was combined with the
Joint Stok Company.” At of an
Scoted mubloarion ss that there was no ' 0
Wait was supplied by the starting of the “
under Indian management. It continues Jotho ne Ch
pate The dal orga ofthe esepaen the “ or ly re :
t the. ovmncial organ e Kur population has
il sing cirulation. te i ig published daily: A
V paper led the " Sind Observer " is also pub:
. Besides these, the “Sind Sudhar " may be mentioned
as claiming to be the oldest: vernacular y aper in Sind. It was
started orginally by the Educational Department and handed
over in 1844 to "the ance defunct Sind Sabha. Tt is now a
private concern and appears to enjoy o large circulation.
The Karachi sr al Library, athe zh it is commonly
callud, the Frere | Library, hhc
riginuliy the Senutal gets ners
was founded in 1852 under the presidentship of (after-
wa Sir Aaxtigr we There Lier at that a a Station
brary, which was the property of the civil and mili
officers inthe Cantonment and was not accessible ta the mee
ie ie Rpelger ie Bee
oni ” with @ gracdtated
stale of muksuriptions Bos Library was started an accotm-
modated in a room of the Gymkhana, or the Ladies’ Chrb as
it was then called. It was declared to be public property,
Linc without the wonsent of Government, and
iwemen nirusted to a Committee consisting of
bare er officio members and others elected by the sub-
acribers, ‘it wus combined a Miwetum, which was
bably the one. : Bie Cashes agar whist he. wad
Governor of Bind. The bri sein nut-grew
ic atic Arlbis Go lake Clab and
My. Frere annealed to Government for help to add two wings
to the room. He obtained Rs, 6,000 from Government and
sd ng pens pagan At the came timo he got
phy eae nen 1,000 and 4 promise of Re. 600 a year more
on the condition that a free Reading Room was maintained.
EDUCATION, 40
The institution still ptiat the in 1962 a proposal was
bt a nsteante sive | nti ihe ie |
was received
cial an rat be
Fate ikeay yuk Masaeet tl uncon pein
ment was coma to, which was Regprecs in Government
Resolution No. 1881, dated Oth Anguab 1870, and the
| | al Library was handed over to the Mnnioi-
nderstanding that the Onenmittes of SEG
be open to the publi froe of churge af « Reading Room anil
one room #hall bé set apart for the Seer. uae of the aube
scribers. ‘The Museum was seperated from the Library in
1892 ond the collections transferred to the pew bulleoas
described below, the management of them being en
to. a new Committee by the Soak sage | at the request of
the Library and Museum Commu © were of opmion
perintend the affairs of both institu-
The Nutive: (General Library i is apposed to have been
founded before 1880 and has ac iter] nearly 3,000
volumes, including some rare and curious works. Every
year a sum of Rs. 250 or 300 12 fet apart for the purchase of
new books and the Reading Room is supplied with newe
papers and ar ye The Library, as its nume implies, .
13 intended used ee y educated natives of
all classes. It wae located t
unknown date. This waa prallod emi gaee the Library waa
tin cote in the fawn et to the Ghulam Husrem
Kholikdina Hall. the Library still vests in
46 KARACHI DISTRICT.
HEALT H.
Tables XXX-A ond B, XXXNI, XXX and XXXIT.
CHAPTER XIU OF " A” VOLUME.
There are three hospitals in the district—the Civil and
Lady Dufferin Hospitals in Karachi and the North-Western
Railway Hospital at Kotri.
The Karachi Civil Hospital is ad oldest Britiah
institutions in Sind and there appears
bacon to be no clear record of its origet. Te
is known that the central part of the old building, which is
in the Runechore Lines quarter and staniis on the
Mission Road, was built by Government in 1854 of 4
coat of Rs. 6,878, and that if was added to in 1850 by the
Sind Railway Company, recently established. Other uddi-
tions were made and in 1908 it contained 8 wards and 79
beds, It was then completely re-built, and the nose nus
plies iy the city a ne most oe nye protpa of
ik in the ‘city. ue owing unlidinigs are corn:
prised im the group :—
1. A Dispensary, m which out-patients are. attend-
‘ed to and new patients seen before admission. It ia a
sangle-storied building, paved throughout with marhle,
contaiming two large waiting rooms for men and
women, with separate examination rooms, dispensary,
‘dry awl linen stores, etc,
2, The Daten’ Jahilee Block, tnt tothe di
sary, consisting of nurses’ quarters. e funds for this
were raised by public subscription and the founda-
tion stoné was thid by Their Excellencies Lord. and
Lady Curzon in 1000, This baiilding. hae hss since been
eile: toy nel thie £6 now (Marters for 27 mires.
& arpwal Fiesty 8 the: central build- ;
penta spc wn Lae gg ee eg
and a small spare ward, ol om the ground floor The
wpper story contains or Europeans, each 26)
hy 17} fect, 4 bath-rooms, a duty room, matron’s room,
ete, Tho front verandah ts 12 foet wide, the back
verandah 10 feet. The warda are paved with white
marble and have white tiled dadoes, while the bath-
- {TRALTH, aj
, Fooms hero: pavement and deidoce ef Minton tes he
tandahs, passages and, in fact, all floors not pa’
with marble sre covered with amall hexagonal I ib
tiles. All corners are rounded off to prevent the accu- -
mulation of t dust ‘ad the large nee irs are case
with cement concrete for the same rea.
Se ce ee oe eas apna Bee
4 Mediou! Block.—This stands to the right of tho
last and is connected with it by a covered way. It
contains, on the ground floor, 2 wards, 20 feet by 17, for
Musaalmans, 1 for women, 1 for high caste Hindus and
= malay cai Findus, 25 beda in all; and on the
floor 6 wards for paying Indians, 25 beds in all
‘bath-rooms, efc., are as in the Surgical Block.
5. Police Bloack—This ia similarly situated on the
left of the Sargical Block and containa 2 large wards,
$7} feat, by 26 each, for ten men, on the ero floar,
and 3 same on the upper floor.
, hi Septic pac g igo bcp ci Sees: of the
jospt roper, Am i provi with @ speci oper-
tion sta lt tater wards with accommodation
for 6 gee 4 women, 4 high caste Hindus and
6 low caste Hindu
7. A or four strong wards for supposec
insanes under observation, quarters for the H
Surgeon, ample kitchens and outhouses make up
the remainder of the group of lmildings, the total a
of which was sis 5, 72,049,
iNeed of the Civil its vhs
rec, 3 Sub-Assistant Sar
a
48 KARACHI DISTHICT.
The latest development: of the hospital is the erection
of an eye hospital to be known ae the Seth Goverdhandis
Motilal Mohatta Eye Hospital, in ‘linear of the Seth of that
name who has a Bye, Hopital 70,000 for the purpose. The
building is to be erécted on the site of the House Surgeon's
quarters facing Mission Road. Pending its construction,
work is pin carried on In a temporary structure. For his
t generosity the title of Rao Bahadur has been
conferred on Beth Goverdhandas.
The Lady Dufferin Hospital opposite the Civil Hospital
was opened on ae November 1898,
_laaF Dulles Fomale Ti is maintainer i prants by Govern-
Soe linnt, the Karachi Junicipality and
the District Local Board, aubseriptions, donations and the
interest of the Reserve Fund, and is controlled by a Uom-
mittee, of which the Collector of Kurachi is the Chairman.
The build) ay which cost Rs. 1,05,000 was pre: by
Mr. Equijt Dinshaw, O.1E,, of Kurachi. Besides the Lady
Jaen the Matron and nursing staff at the hospital, the
Committee ftee maintain an Assistant Lady Doctor at t the Jaffer
Fudoo Dispensary for the benefit of wemen and children
living in tha: “ae of the city. Within the last few years
the work of hospital has expanded considerably, and
fo mieet the demands upon it an operation Sore nirsies’
Quarters and A muternity wing have been opened
Tn ¢ fon with the hospital and situated within
the sins compound is an institute for the training of Indian
milwives, named the Lonise Lawrenre Institute, founded
in memory of Mrs, Lawrence, wife af a Collector of Karachi,
who died in 1912. To commemorate her name and work A
sum of over Rs. 75,000 was collected se ae ee
tion, ae was expended in in erecting snd ining :
wok of the ‘the ioattite is me institute ia he est
Saldwiven: (3) partial Seat g of da 4) lectures to
Inarried women. the Wark tunder the onte lth Lay
Dufferin Hospi mittec, antl the institute is mm fact
a a Nabogral part of Cis Sicaplint
peetos alga acre and i9 mmntained
or : by the North-Western Rather for
¢ benefit of its own employdés, but
HEALTH. 4
pretenaees talling ill, or receiving injuries, are also treated:at
Tt was opeted in 1003 : sin saat of the building was
Ra, 25,701.
sin Karachi.
There aro iy Rovers, oe a
one at Manors is a very
eet institution, dating back to 1856, ‘The
remoteness of Manara, where there hus always been a consl-
derablo iwhniwint of Sst Barge in Sar made oR,
other y 18: for the establishment of the Comt
and is almost, if not quite, ae old, for the records mention an
Bpobhacnry attached to the Commissioner's Dispensary |
mg Ag 1850. It rane as 2 Private Aides! iy me
there i. n Sub-Assistant Surge iin charge, Of the
: ining dispensaries, one in cnrachi Cantonment. is
Square by the Noth: Western Railway and the rest
by Musiigtpulities and Local Boards, though some of them
owe ther origin to private beneficence.. There are alsb nny
dispensaries in Karachi kept hy private practitiorers:
Beatles these there is « Veterinary Dispensary in
Karachi whith i not included in tie
fichmont. Crestor table. It waa atarted ino hired butild-
Veterinary Dicpemdry, = ing in 1802 und removed in 1895 to ifs
prosent premises on the Bandar Road.
They cover an aren of about 10,000 sqitare yards and
inclide in addition to the dispensary separate wards
for horses, cattle and dogs, besides an isolation ward afd
one built for its own purposes by the Society for the Preven-
tion of Oruelty to Animals. ‘There is a shoeing forge aloo.
Tho cost of the buildings which amounted to Rs, 12,000
was borne equally by the District Local Bourd, the Karachi
lerpalit sud the snora! public. The institution was
named in honour of Colonel Cenwfurd, for many years Col-
loctor of Kanchi A Voterinary (Graduate ie in. charge of it.
The oot of maintenance in borne by the Dintriet Local
Board, contribations of Rs. 1,500 and Rs. 600 heing received
from the Karachi Municipality and Government
pant ae Lick Ra, 4,702 were renlized From fees
aay the sanie une vent 9) major and 273
ae litt
, — ni ode” OE alt Bed
EARACH!] DINTHICT,
ae . Ppeteap itty qetay ee dope er
OFF RE fen) | hw POT T THOM LTE Oe Be |
wo See) eS ee |
oven WL | Ae | Popo WON PE LE Ow eo ee | oe
he Wild Mla Beek oe eet
cree tH G6 1G | Bare PAPO ON od he Por ed ts
at uy ney WV reel tne “a 5. sae
re RY ee ky | wee) | Pepoaey] WON fF Lor | re
: Sey Py a oO 6 an
vie el THrsE | ane Ty 20" 1 Oe pe oe Oe
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HET nenee | One . ft tt pie tg le
" | | at ag Fe eo
are" Lo'l sere | ves ae le of ie
a OF an Tre te EO
oles eRe niet {08 att Pew 1) aes
7 |
"rt bhi '
purus Pe E =, whl
—: : MOJO ATS eo syn EPUY sHyNTy Gg eM yoy MoU y oy,
ANION Vo AO AIX UGLAVUO
‘NOTLVULSININUY |
i
ee | See yh ee ae ee
62 KANACH! DISTRICT.
The first four constitute the Shalibandar Sab-ilivi-
sion, of which an Assistant Collector las charge. He has an
zalow im a lord? # rden nt Sujawal, which was for-
=the ins headquarters, but he now resides at Karachi
during the hot season.
The nex! four talukaa and the Keti Mahal are ragit Tatta
Suh-division, of which an Assistant Collector has ye
He is providel with a bungalow ut Totta, but makes
lieadquarters at Karachi during the hot season.
The. Kotri Taluka and the Manjhand and Kolustan
Mahals, comprising the Kotri Sub-division, are under o
Deputy Collector who has his headquarters at Kotri.
Fach of the Assistant Collectors atid Deputy Collectors
is President of the Taluka Local Boards in his charge, while
the Acsistant C: r, Tatta, is Preailont of the Totta and
Keti Bandar Municipalities, and the Deputy Collector, Kotri,
|
President of the Kotri md Manjhand ones,
ee revenue work af Karachi City is performed by a
Gity Deputy Collector, whilst the City Magistrate is Bub-
divisional gistrate for Karachi. Both work directly
under the Collector and District Magistrate. The Colleotor
is in addition to his other dtuties ex pesto Superintendent of
Stamps for the province.
2
PLACES OF INTEREST.
CHAPTER X¥ OF * A" VOLUME.
Bhiambor is the local name of mound of ruins on a low
| rock elevation situated on the north
of Mirpur Sakro, and about a quarter of « mile to the left
of the road to Karachi. The remaina of o fort, with walls
and Lastions, are distinctly traceable, and irom Nei the
heaps of broken bricks ofd coins have frequent! picked
Gee ceasteanialiy » No collection, of them: ay NC
| y made. Pronk the saeana) ext. old daz
, Prone ‘in the north, holding nip teti water asst
nz o inke. As the Gharo creek the most wests
seating’ of the Indus, it is probably the oldest and seems
more likely than any other to have been the ane down which
Nearclius pailed. This also gives an aa af probability to
the hypothesis that Bhambor, and not Tatta, nor any vf
the other places that have been suggested, was the great
Hindu town known aa Debal, which wus the first object of
attack when Muhammad Kasim invaded Sind, But there
is not roon. on the site for a town of any yize and no d
tion in whieh it could have extended. Bhambor is sald to
have been destroyed by an earthytake at the same time
as Brahmanabad, ic, about the middle of the Sth century
according to the Tubfat-ul-kiram. Sasui, the heroine af the
romance of Sasuiand Punhun (“ A” Volume, fee
the ¥ adeptod daughter of a washernian of Bham
Dharaja. See Lahoribandar,
Gharo if 2 Ne 28 Mirpur Sakro Taluka, sitiinted
a small creek between atte
Gharo, war station. and Mirpur
- seven tiles distant fre eae
contains a xing oopearan Vernucular School, Post
Office and | A bridge of four arches, built
in 1860, spans the creek a little to the enst of tht village.
FU rw digedaje pent post. on the route from
Karachi to Tatta and Hyderabad, bouts reaching it xh the
creek from Ghizri Bantlar in less than 2¢ hours. The creek
fid RARACTT DETHCT.
wos lo for vessela of 18 bharera os far an the town.
lt iz stil Soieaaiile to small boats-at high tide.
Jam Tamachi-ji-mari, the palace of Jam Yona “er
teresting ruin aittiate:| on
™ er. at the north end of the Sonahri Dhand,
near Hillava in Tatta Taluka. The Jam Tamiachi referred
fo waa the second of that name and apparently the sixth
in the siiccession of the Sama rulers (see “ A Vole,
paye 08). He Se for thirteen years in the second half of
the 14th centy He fell in love with o fisher maid, Nuralii
the daughter of G. who fished in the Kinjhor luke
be w the hill on which the mart stands, anil » her hia
queen ( (i.¢., one of them), The story is told in one of the
popoles songs of Abdul Latif, They ‘eppent to have died
atta, fort two humble tomba are. ted as theira to this
duy at the north end of the Makli hile near the mausoleum
of Sheikh Himad Jamali,
Jerruck ey oe 3 north lotitude and 6s” Is"
“oan t longitude), a town in the Kotn
= Taluka, is situated cluse to the Indus,
at an elevation above it of 150 feet, on the range of lime-
_ stone lulls that runs along its mght bank south of Kotri.
From its situation, commanding “the river aa well av the
roads from Karachi amd Tatia, it was considered 1» position
of some iam by Sir Charles Napiar, who made it a
ee anes wi iy i a it Was un outpost. garrisoned
sepoys. Jt was alev the headquartera -
othe the Deput Deputy Gilet fi now containf an Assistant
Collector's bungalow, two musafirkhanas, u Vernacular
Sel Post Oifice and Dispensary. For many years it
Role ary Station. t had «a Municipality,
i@hed im (878. Ona hill to the north
ot the Roe road and clove to the town is the yrave of an
rar yma pa tai ED Uh walheusie’y eas
mected by ‘toad, with Tatta, Kotn ous
On a flat hill situated in Deh Shekhani of
Mating, wih utr ft ear any nn
the atta ‘Tauka, abort 300 yards to.the ut of the rad
a
{
rom Jerk 40 Tata, ad aot nies tom, Joma
rere he remains of a Buddhist town. The 6
hasement of a°stupa, about 80 feeb each way and abot
| ¢ tek High, io 24 there. ‘The fallen ew uoture |
heen removed and piled up ail round. ft was here that
Mr. W. Cole, onoe Collector of Customs im Karachi, fourl
some Buddhist bricka which were aftarwgriia ited in the
Karachi Museum and subsequently allowed to. disappeur.
Ae they and any record that may have accompanied ther
are lust, the fallowing account of f ir finding may be quoted
from Sir R. Burton : —" Mr. W. Cole, when De ity Calivctar,
i? a char De viait, a large fine ined bre whitch
, am
miloced him ie 7 mount. Presently he
came avon the top of a. wall, and having olenred it down ta
the level of the hill surfaoe, he opened @ building aliout
851 foet square. The material was of bricks, each 15) by
04 anil 2} inches : the courses were Jaid without other coment
than the fine mud of the Indus, mixed with some fibrous sul
stance. The base showed a hold mentldim cane at intervals
of six feet appeared square projections, as asters, The
potteries were in great variety: some 05) 4 and others
cut when the olay was.soft ; most of the human figures were
defaced, but the iconoclast had not taken the trouble: to
ah re tho gens abet she iyce = in beepers ne The
lave To about t eé, but consider it the
sonalna of a ‘ler Kot,” ie, heathen fort, and it is
sometimes called by them “Kot Raja Maji Rae.” The
hill cannot be mistaken, as it is detached from ihe others,
anil from its flat mummit a splendid view of forest, hill anil
river is obtumed. Good felt (tal) made in Jerniek.
Jhimpir, o vies ee near the railway station The
inven aime ime, contains at
Jhleepir. Shiva aha an annual fair aibastal
about 80) Hindus is Kell in February. At « distance:
two and «a helf miles from it to the east is the elome
dl Amir Pir, which, although of no urchiteotural interest,
dates back to the eurly Mahomedan time, The munsqlenm
of the sunt is built on a hold cliff creaking the Sonahri
Dhand, which, when jomed to those of ijhar lake,
forma one of the most beautiful sheets of water to be seen in
Sind, bounded as it is b distant red hills and forests. The
skint i not, however, baried
ied in the mansoleum, but in a
houses
Ai KARACHI] DISTRICT.
deap cave poo oF Patines eee lead down, first
into a court o oc iigrims during the annual
fairs, then into 0 sroaltarocmityand shaded by willow trees,
which is kept scrupulously saored, and then into the inner
loom of the cave. An annual fairis held and is attended
by about 1,500 people. There iz « house on the rock built
for the accommodation of His Highness the Agha Khan,
the spiritual head of the Khoja sect, and a number of other
belonging to headmen of the community, who reside
in Karachi, Mirpur Bathoro, Hyderahad and other places
in Sind. The connection of the Khojas with this
dates from the time of the British conquest, ehortly before
which the grandfather of the present Agha Khon came te
Sind from Persia. Sir Charles Nupier appointed him te
command the Camel Corps which he judd vert
and which was stationed at Jerruck, Some of his
ings, however. gave offence to the Baluchia who cteonten
and drove him out of the place, The colony of ao
remamed, bit thoy have boen for the most part ruined
and their lands absorbed by the newhbourme zammdars
Jhok ts a «mall village on the banks of the Mulchand
canal, between Mirpur Bathoro and
Fhok. Shrine of Shah Buti: Tt is -seven eatis distant from
Mirpur Bathoro. [t contains a shrine
of one Shah Inayatullah, which con-
sata of a domed tomb faced with encaustic tiles and inscribed
with Arabio sorolls of the holy names: A mosque adjoins
it and the buildings stand man extensive compound: Shah
aoe tullah was a Sufi and | 18. reverenced th iout Sind
named Sar Tay Sufan, “ Crowned Heal of Sufia,” anil
farice tlashkan, * Leader of all Lovers.” He was born at
Miranpur, a village which 4s a mile distant from Jhok;
m 1660 A.D., and ie said to have beon under the instruction
of ene Abdul Malik, t-grandson of Pir Dastgir af
at as | salt which. mate waa awarded a éword,
a cap and red apparel, | serrate ep athe e hewitt
| Mutted to instruct disc en He mude so many. es,
both among Hirtdus Mustaulmans, thot the Saivids of
Bulri grew jealous of him and got the Governor of Tatts
to sent tat to the Ernyie at Delhi which
sulted in Nur Muhammad Kalhorn being commiuiset
ta destroy hum. The latter anccestingly besieged Jhok with
is large force, but Shah Inayat’s fairs were boo atrong for
him: ao he made peace and gained his end afterwards by
wscacsinetion in 1717 AD. (" Tulfat-ul-kiram”). The saints
head was forwarded, socording to: the local tradition, to
Dell\i, roviting poems on the way. An annual fair ie held
it the shrine on the 17th day of Safar and laste for three
days and is attended by abaut 1,500 people.
Karachi Heemnanly apelt Kurrachee), situated im 24° 6)
the hendquurter town af the Karachi District
avd the capital af Sind, the sent of Government and of the
chief court of judicature, and the headquarters of the Rarach|
Brigade and ali of those heads of civil departments whose
urisdivtion extends over the whole provinees, Beaidles
being the official Civil and military. centre of the proved
Karachi is the third port of India in order of commerenm
si ae ea volume al trade inferior only to that of
Calcutta and Bombay. The firme represented on the Chamber
of Commerce numbered 56 in 1916, In addition to local
hutises there are numerous agencies of merchants and traders
doing business at Lahore, Delhi and other towns. Finally
Karachi ia both the nearest port in India to Europe and
the neurest’ muritime terminus of the whole syetem of rail-
ways thot serve Sind, British Baluchistan, tho
Punjil and the north-west of India, and ite hurbour pre-
sents exceptional fycilities for the shipment and lund
of goods and for the embarkation and disumbarkation af
passengers and troops. These conditions have brought
together a very heterogeneous population of 161,903, is
eniimerated at the census of 1911. The tmounicipal limita
which extend from Clifton and Ghisti on the one aide to the
Maurypur Salt Works on the other enclose an area of about
seventy Syuure nilles,
The present position of Karachi will be better
at aan after a brief review of ite history,
—— It has been confidently ilentified with
——< Alexander's Haven ond much inge
niity has been expended in efforts to trace Krokala, Eiros,
Bibacta and other places mentioned by Nearchus; but
anyone, Who hae observed the evidences af every recent
geoession of the sea at Clifton and Ghieri-and of the rapid
on Ll @
r = | i
to believe that 22 centuries have. probably altered the
whole tof the coast beyond all possibility of recog
nition. However that may be, it does not appear that
there ever was p town on the mite of Kurachi, or any-
where near it, until two cerfturies ago ; for, with the excep-
tim of o ‘haven, which is the only one hebrrecti Makran
and Cuteh, it lacks all the natural advantages that conduce
to flie rise of cities. The trade of Smid suet one af
the commercial towns which succeeded eavh other on the
ever-changing montle of the Indva, while that of Balu-.
chistan came down to port formed by Qape Monza
and the Habb river, But when the latter began to alt up ~
#o that large vessels could no longer enter it, the wealthy
Iintin nierchanta of the place began to cast about for u
now settlement and fixed on a baok-water called Kalachi
Kun, to whieh the sea found entrance over « bar known 4s
Nawa Nur, near to the island of Baba in the present Karachi
harbour. The present entrance to the hurhour was at
thot time blocked by a rocky reef extending from Muanora
to the Oyster Rocks, which haa ainve crumbled away, Sueh
the stery told by Seth Naomal, a descendant of one of_
these Hindu merchanta, in a manuscript farnily history
which ia still in the possession af hix grandson Rao Bahadur
Alumal Trikamdas. Other local secounts citer slightly,
Boros eon ence fica Ot wate town onlled ake
one lagoon some tiles west, al i, from high it moved
eastward on the silting up of the passage from the seu. In
either case we know that the new settlers put themselves
tinder the protection of the Jam of the Jokliias, who
was the recognized blackmuiler uiuirdion of the
trade routes, eer eons and grail sucked away
the trade of the peri Subsequently thes furtified
their town with walls of ma and pected bei aml motmnt-
thereon some piece it from Muskat,
nl it be Flash (or Karachi ot, ot ad
to the Khan ‘of ‘Kalat, to whom it had been given “by
the Kalhoras as blood-m money for one of hin brothers
dam by them in battle, but Ali Fateh Khan, the first
fie
ef the Talpurs, cast a covetous eye on it. ‘Twice he
sent mot Gite ellen totake it; but the Hindu merchants
collected their client and dependents landed marines from
—s wt LT .
ee | | lr
fh]
was made in 1796, the Kh Kalat, being in difficulties
Nimoelf aid eanable to help ee they : Lami, boing
offered honouralile terma, surrendered. The Mire put’ a
Governor in command, but treated the ‘merchants most
considerately and fostered the trade, which brought: them
an annus! revenue of nearly a lakh of rupees (in 1838 it was
estimated at a lakh and a half), In 1797 they built: o fort
con Manora a 4 defence againat attack by sea. It was from
this fort that fire wai opmed on the 88, * Wellesley,”
which was entering the harbour with the “ resorve force ”
which the comluct of the Mira had made it advisable to
nf Laat gr seana's erry panied eal h0 Kabul."
a. the shabby walls, and Rear-Admiral Maithan
Brigadier Valiant, took possession af the fort and alsa ‘of the
oon of Karachi on February 7th, 1830, but plodged them
selves to hold the persons and property of the inhubitants
wavrel and not to interfere with the government of the
town. British troops were landed and encamped about
two miles from the walla, and so mattera remamed until
the battle of Migni. A vitor m 1641 wrote afterwards’:
“ Kurachee was the residence of many ladies whose hushonda
i required them to penetrate further into = nyt
that there wae o larger society than is g lw t
raat with at an outetation. Monday and tag e"
were the gay times, The band of H. MW a dist played an onthe
parade ground and the beauty and fashion of Kurachee
were acen aasembling in groups.” This was the birth of
Karachi Cantonment anil to this period belongs the interest-
ing old burial ground on the Bunder Road. Tho native
town, a3 it was in 1857, is thus described by Sir Hichard
Burton: “The town is o masa of Jow mud hovels and
high mud houses, with flat mud roofs, windowless mud walls
and numerous mud ventilators, surrounded by a tumble
down rc of mud built opon a low platform of mud"
covered This is the citadel : it fines off into straggling
suburbe below , extending far northwards. “The dark
narrow ulleva, through which nothing bulkier than a jackass
can pass with ele, oast no common sewer.” ‘There were
BSS Fy aman op seeder pe aa nepal y=
foragt for > ealate ‘
a
. ee
s ba
Gi RARACH) DISTRICT,
two jrates—the Kara darwaza facing the sea, and the Mitha
darwaza leading to the Lyari and sweet water -wella, In
front of the former a spit of dry den a extended to the Customs
House.and white mosque, to which + era were lroughit
in canoes at high water from vessels anchored at Kiamari.
When Sir Charles Napier transferred the saut of Govern:
tment from Elyderabed to Karachi, the place began to
develop. The histories of the trade, the Port, the Munici-
pality and other institutions, which make up the story of
the growth of Karwehi during the seventy years since, are
given in their appropriate places.
The ‘firet object = aes specrity Me “ tra-
iil valler approa ti from the més
wee s the rocky headland ot Mans, 100
oot with the ithouse, Observatory, little Mnglinh
th andl many other buildings. It is now 1 Cantonment,
sooupied by ory Koval Garrison scree in chargé of the
fiarbour defences, The Indo-Europeun Telegraph las lao
ite Cable Factory and a considerable settlement here, and
ip is the residence of the Port Officer and other officials of
the Port Trust, imelading the Pilot establishment. The
tomb of a wonder-workmg Pir, who was buried. here,
attracta crowds to an anmual fair, and Hinduism is aleo repre
sented by a conspicuous, but not ancient, temple, Manora
is self-contained, has its own Church (St. Paul's, conse
crated in 1865), school, library, billiard room, tennis courts,
Opposite Manora and forming the other side of the
entrance to the harbour is the Kiamari groyne, 8,300 feet
long. Beyond it are the wharves, and the settlement known,
us Kiamari. The road leads direct from the bout basin bo
Karachi. & landing, ia Pe first mPa pee te the
the pres ‘thden ure deacribe 86 belont.
Farther fe aoe Bachubai Taal ‘eo apie, ep
partes & Muntorpality Western Railway and
Port Trust; then the McHinct :
aul by the Part Trust in 1004 ata coat of Rs’ 30,833.
The nucleus of this amount. was a sum of Rs. 11,109 raised
by subscription to commemorate the late Mr. Alexaniler
h Memorial Seamen's Rest, —
i a
rT
PLACES OF INTEREST. Gl
Molfinch, C.K, ww well known Karachi merchant and pub
man, To this his the Port ‘Trust. added Saspreniy uml
cba 4,000, the Chamber of Commerce and individan!
acu
_ 0 Sobor BBM ines, Geertinent Ba Si0t Tho
= Port 'Trant- and Fall the Church of Karhchi are repre.
vented. it provides : dt te for seamen. of
all classes and creeds-and alac
lowe, a8 far as that reduce at this Port,
At the Seamen's Rest the road leaves Kiamari Jeland, ~
the limitx« of which have been pact
i: Gheoured by reclamation, and rina:
“ig Mole, cn the left side of which, ers a
cis the ‘ stands i monument to Bir Charlns Navi
The a beaten nionument was an obelisk on a 5 edestnl, ak
19 feet high, built of ill-dressed stone and
side the following macription :—
+ From this spot on the Lat December 1847
was fired the farewell salute to His Exoollency
Lioutenant-General Sir Charles Napier, G.C_B.,
on his retirement from the Governorship of Sind, :
the extreme Le to which at ose late
oh carriages ever passe along this
hunder,a work planned and executed under the
Government of Hie Excellency ond was just
con om st the date of his departure from
this: Provinee.
Enecren 185%, Rewtmr 1901."
. ghee hog rounded mn concealed hy
plague sheds: t however, were removed and the monu-
ment exposed to view. hy of fn eject, and ma 1018. ta
nized to | ataesly eee of its wabject, and in 1912
Port Trust at ita own expanse a hat Aberdeen
dbelisk with the words * Sir Charles Napier G.0B.,
Ervcnweiel Bind “ on the face ticatang road, and
helow these words have been meserted the otiginal er
tien which has heen qnoted above, At the end of
ext Tong, which was built in 1865 to span he cutting mode
supplies the place of a Sailors’ |
Molo, after passing over the w-pile bridge 1,200.
continues its course of the left of the tower. Betwee
and the Lyari river, hall a mile further tothe let, fies the
62 KARACHI DISTRICT,
through the Mole that the creek i ain the Needs:
the main land ia reached, The 1 octeds oVer m
handsome stone mason Eis ‘brdtge 1,540 feet 3 in Cuan a bedeath which
the mnilway ] bridge was opened m A Lit
» His Excellency the Viceroy, Lord Hardinge, pry setae:
ster him, Ite construction and the diversion of the ruil
way necessitated the removal of the old Port Trost (Hiice
on the left of the road as one crogsed the bridge over the
eroek from Kiamari, ancl the old Customs House, which
spanned the road on five arches. To the left of the Hardt
Bridge now stands the new Port Trust Offices, the hantl:
somes ind toost imposing building in Karachi, bnilt at a
_oost of Ra. 8,00,000 and opened in January 1016, Beyond
it-and plysically contignous, the new Customs House is
im course of constraction.
A short cistan _ wags 14 eee Clock
at ower, 4 fine memorial ra y public
ooriaatahadhcenmi tata ek on to a former Cctiuniontintal
mt nieipal [to a as “= “hate a. ached sae
Tit ag ee who sign t many other public
buildings in Karachi It is im the middle, , ihite ols
of Gothic architecture and has the form of an Eleanor cross.
Standing ona basement 44 feet square, it rises to a heiglit
af 102:feet and carries, at an elevation of 70 foet, a vlook
with four faces, exch 7 feet in diameter. The large bell,
whieh strikea the houra, weighs 3 owt. and the amualler
aaa the quarters, 1 owt. ach. The foundation atone
wae liicdd by Sir James Fergus
1884, and the completed structs was cy ened to the publ
aid niade over to tha Mun pality by Evan James in
1892. The total cost re ‘ structure and clock waa
Hts. 37,178:
~The Merewether Sees as rouh The by
tr t eLeod Road, named
carretera BE iu hoon Of a public epiited. Golletoe
of Customs of Sir Bartle Frere's time. The Bunder Road
Old "Town af Karachi, deprived, of its wall and much
by sanitation and other imovations, but still x
many af the old allevs-to which Sit Richard Bartow alluded?
en _~.
4
Between the Bumder and Mcleod Reads, about half a tile
behind the Clock Tove, was the old Kufila Serai, now
absorbed in the Sind Madressnh, where the real
caravans from Khorassan used to put up, <a arpa Sa
wallz, On and between the Bunder and M
bets the commercial oar of Karachi: -Here all the Jead-
ing firms have ee glawes of Wau. On the Mcleod
Road is the lonic front of the Bank of Bombay, built, from
a: design. by Mr. Strachan, in 1888; next to elke Pte |
Commissioner's Centre built by the old “Bank of Bombay
bo by Govermment when it failed; then
| B Eand 1) ite to it, the new and handacme
olfines of McKinnon, ManKensie and eee sais the Ship
x Agents, the City Station of tlie North-Western Ruilway
Central Post and Telegraph Offices ; further en, ironworks
which have been. closely associated with the progress af
Karachi for fifty years past, a litth beyond whieh the
MeLood Rend falls into the Kacheri Road. Behind the Post
Office, on the Kachert Road, overawing.ull, rinses the great
ie of the Davyaram Jethmal Sind College, On the Bander
Road to which we now return, stand the Boulton Market,
aca the Max Denso Hall, the site of the
— old Jail, on which Government offices
are to be erected, tha High School, the Ehalikdina Hall,
the first English burial ground opened in Sind, the Small
Conse Court, the Travellers Bungalow of ancient days
and later converted into a hotel, the Riclinioanl Crawford
Vetermary Dispensary and the Tramway Stables. As many
of these places indicate, the Binder Road must have been
one of the firat rouds laid out in Karachi, leading ua it did
from. the Bunder to the barricks aud parade ground of the
niantry regir , and it id -etill a main artery,
MF it to the left, past. the 1) School carner, cum the
Mission howd to the little Mission Churoh and the school
founded by Major Proedly, the first Collector of Karachi,
in 1846, and handed over in 1858 to the Church Missi¢mary
's missionaries, who now nthe in the perpen: that’ Was
Major Preedy's Kacheri. On this the
Mission. we | ek epee bet Cril er pital a
Hospital, Noarly opposite zit |
anlar from hight he Ber Rea This is
with nearly half a mile of goods-yards behind it, and ‘the
Bide
hd ‘KARACHI TDMSTRICT.
the Katcher: Road, which, after passing Govermment House
at a distance, reaches the Civil Lines a lithe lees than 4}
from Kiatiori, Here are the
thane Frere Hall, the Statues of Queen Vie-
torm and of King Edward, the Sind Club, the Y. MCA,
the Masome Hall, Holy Trinity Clorch, and the Gymkhana,
an institution which has existed amce the time of Sir Bartle
Frere, if not from :an earlier date, when, masmuch as the
word gymihana had not been invented it was called.“ The
Ladies’ Club” and occupied an old bungalow on the ron
that now bounds it on the south-east. The backbone of
Civil Lines ie Victoria Road, a really fine thoroughfare,
which, coming from the Sudder Bazaar, passes all the
a, umites with the Kacheri Road at the railway
anil, crossing it, continues nearly three miles out to Cliston,
Parallel to ‘Vic jee Sper ee =e in Hl rene
| treet yehind and pari
Rename Frere Street, which mins in « straight
line from the Bunder Road, where we left it, to the Cantati~
ment Station, which was at first called Frere Station, aril
south of which js a triangle | of bungalows originally known
at Frere Town. This line i¢ the nucleus from which the
Kuropeam aide of Karachi abel The officers’ bungalows
in Frere Street formed the front rank of the military ae
ters, receiving the first of the sea breeze before Civil
oume Into being: Those of the British regiments were
at the southern, or station, end, those of the Native regi-
menta, with the Depét and Commissariat, at the other.
The Regimental or Sudder Bazaar was between. The bar-
= were on the wide rocky plain behind tho officers’
ange Even here all is changed. The “sheds of
and danh™ and “ paralielograms of mnlovely |
ntity “" Ho graphically portenyed. with their a
Sir it. rela fiave to # great extent heen superseded by
miltankial dant Kandeorne hows of two stories, the original -
ier Barracks have been suceeded by magnificent
atieee-arected tt 1866. and the Sudder Bazsar from hemg
merely « regimental bazaar now yyy the wants of the.
whole civil a te and eS ae es there
| | oT @xanip © Empresa.
two votes: Halls, the
TLACES OF INTEREST.
In the northern half of the triang
ence aries he pier he er | Hs is
sundy is i 6 ground by Roy ul
Hil . cara aS oo ae
betwen it and the 2008 The
House which is close to Holy vet
the oldest building remaining this ay Adjoining
tlie artillwry lines, oa the “the noeth, iv the Arsenal, schist Wan
portly blown up by an explosion in 1858.
The tramway system of Karachi belongs to a Company
| : 4 (the Kast India Tramway Company)
Tramueart, which puye the Municipality a pasts
of Rs. 500 a year per inife of fine. ‘The system was opened
in 1885, and the trams-were driven by steam, Subsequently
horse traction was substituted, and at n later date motor
tractiim. The lines extend from Kiamari to the Camton-
ment Railway Station, with one branch via the Napier and
Lawrence Rowds to the Zoological Gardens. and another to
Soldiers’ bazaar,
The aspect of the surroundings of Karachi is
Aint Mo tha-noushvennt to a fat whtts,
| above high water mark, intersect
by two Toads ‘into which the Victoria Road divides after
“ssing the railway. Of these, one, going almost due
south, leads to Clifton, passing on the right a mound of
hard conglomerate called Bath laland. Chiton ta plateau
or rather. bwo plateaux, distinguished as old and new
Clifton, in the very broken chain of hills of which Manora
and the Ovster Rocks are detached Inks. Here very soon
after the British occupation of Sind a few. villas were built,
fo whiioh residents of the cantonment used to go for change
of air-and sea bathing. The distance from ie Deena ness
the absenoo of drinking water has, however, prevented the
pluce from aver becoming « large residential suburb of Karachi,
~ and these deficioncies have not been made good to the present
day. All thie of the cosst is silting up and the Ne
BrOY, | with hash of the Chinna creek, proba
metessed the deposit of fi sand to the weat Clifton,
which, driven by the monsoon. wind, forms moving hills
| rything mm ther way, ~At qne time
ifton seemed to be threatened and
en is—
the road to it was buried, Lilac eiegieaereliier iy ase 15208
fully combated by an extensive system of low fences,
within which a growth of. “ Goate-foot ns " (Lpomm@a
peseapra) is Induced.
About a mile east of Clifton, on another plateau, was
Ghizn Sanitarium, established tm 1454 for aick officers and
soldiers. ‘There were substantial stone bungalows for the
officers and burracks for the soldiers amd a detached residence
foran Apothecary, The old Gazetteer of Sind pronounces
the sanitarium to be admirably suited for its purpose and
anticipates the erection of additional barracks to aocom-
miiate 404) invalids ; but: noime years igo the aanitarium war
abolished and everything removed except the foundation of
the buildings.
The pape, Gert, De ly to the creek east of
the kanifarium, formed by the thie Malir rf river, which opens into
the broad mouth of the Lalre! co and 90 has connection
with the whole net-work of channels iitersecting the Delta.
This made it an important place at the begmnmg of the
Britieh role and tad ecnamee ie still be seen of u line of
railway by which heavy material used to be sent from the
Sabet near Cantonment Station to Ghizri and so, by
ver-steamers, Up tho Indus to Kotri. This was wien the
Kor Karachi Line was under construction, but the route
had before that been in Use for iro # nnd stores,
Ghieri is still a landing place, authorize
Act, boc Stee Seal Ole peomon Troms aie Tete. There is
a Customs chowkey on the hill overlooking the creek and also
& Muniorpal duty post.
Nearly north of Ghizri Sanitarmm and not three
repr toy Aaa smears conical hill with a house
yniwon Lodge. This is said to
jf Satara; but, be hat assured
—— = mt 7
PLACES OF INTEREST, 67
is a river for only » few da: sin the year, ofter rain, when
it-comes down in spate with such suddenness sometimes
that. pestons crossing: it are. carritd_ away. Eleven were
morning in 1206. The Lyari drains the hilly
north of Karachi, ana ita left, bani for some miles abave
the town, is green with gardens and cultivation, Beyond
that o barren plam extends to the bills of which Cape Monze,
20 miles away, is the southern extremity. Bevond them
the great chain of the P Patt hilllay pe neouaiaice, bonsele
the horizon.
Ws
The town originall mae for Mea Mn water supply on
Wales Wake a a i From the earliest days
e of the cannes eect were et
foot for supp at) adequate quantity water
Fruit ting pct ensued till a acheme nal ted
by Mr Strac he Secretary and Engmeer of the PMuntiel
pality, in 1880, His first plans were rejected on account of
them cost. He tiodified them and at last obtamed sanction
te a scheme estimated to supply 8 gallons of water a day
head of the population and not to cost more than
. 8,600,000. The foundation stone Ny the distmbutir f
reservair (the jee Reservoir), was laid by Sir Richard
Temple, Governor ae on 18th February 1880,
sca thie tania ware tokens a il 1883, ‘The source of
supply was the underground aoe i the river Malir, supplied
from ® reservoir of mountains one hundred miles sway.
Being porous, the mountame absorb the rain that falls upon
them, and dischs 2 i Tadnally throng the subterranean
stream-bed, On t +t bank of the » but ata die-
tance of a SSchanuet: fash ond tha, hawk: tence were
sunk, Se in eh 4 ft in. ia nee
2 feet from the bottom of each well
took o a These met and
66 KARACH! DIsTeRtcr.
and’)? from Landi Station on the railway and ita height
above monn sea level wan 170-feet: so the water flowed eanily
to the reservatr, the floor of which was about 62 feet above
wom level. As the town is very littl: above the level of the
sen. it was expected that there would bea sufficient head
of water to supply the upper stories of all the houses. The
reservoir was 200 feet in length by 150 in breadtll and pro-
vided for a water depth of 10 feet. The total cost of the
works waa Ra. 8, 54, 973, but a farther = af Ra, 3,15,292
| in extensions of the distributing
pipes a er (aK icicous In 1895-96 a second Teservair,
a little saris thin the first, kuown os the Currie
Reservoir was constructed at un ocost of Ba. 1/20,000,
Before a year had run, however, it was found that the
syurce of supply was not equal tothe demand upon
it and galleries hid to be ran ont from both wells te esteh
more water. But the relief afforded was only temporary,
ami im 1887-88 sry was fond nocessury to bring a conduit
from Dumlotte (Damlot) five miles further up, between the
Malir and Bazar rivers, a4 a feeder to seal wells. The ten
years from 180 a te ae years petal of drab
“UGE mthes, eh 1898 A) t
Coat bil e water supply failed agai + and in April
ia Mr. J. Forrest Brunton, the Chief Officer of the Mimiti-
¥ proposed ta sink another well on the 4th mile of the
motte coniuit, from which water might be pumped
into the conduit. Thix Waa carried out wt once ab a cost
of Re, 5,523 and afforded immediate relief, but the sopply
of water had nt the same! time 6 be restricted t OTce
economy. In 1901 a second well on the Dumlotte Conduit
became necessary with asécond pump, This cost Ra, 4.358,
bn, puted to E. F. Dawson, Su]
ato a to ore whole fb uention with
— =] ihn aod —s.)hC —— = ——_
a it —_— * >.
eS ss —_ = ° ©
i
PLACES OF INTEREST, ab
have a combmed capacity of six 1 gallons
1913 a new reservoir, known as the § Sydenham Ri i
Wai constructed to contam another ex. million gallons. With
this addition to the storage capacity it haw become possible
‘fluctuations of the demand, and at the present
time the water problem of the town is not partioulariy
Acute.
Of the public bmiidinga and ploces referred to above
e described elsewhere, the tole and colleges for
example in connection with Education and hospitals in
: hapter on aie Some remain to be notiwed.
S ocane cog gee es
"ietaria
Government House to the entrance to Holy ‘Trinity hock
There ure five other entrances. The House, which atunde
in 40 acres of ground, was built hy Sir Charles Napier, and
was in lis time a plain angle-storiod building. On Bir
Charles Napier’s retirement it waa purchased by Goverti-
ment a5 residents for the Commissioner in Smd, and has
remained so eves since. General Jacob, when ‘acting fas
. mer in 1850, added the upper story to tho Scotia!
block of the house, doubtless in imitstion of the w
of his own house at Javobabsd. Sincé then no ig atrie-
tural alterations have been carried out, though constant
iL Romer are made to modernize the house. In 1906
in anticipation of the visit of Their Royal Highnesses the
Prince aah Princess of Wales a conyplete matallation of
electric light and fans was fitted. A marble tablet on the
porch in front of the house revords the fact that the House
“wae built and ocetpied by Sir Charles Napier, Caress
and Governor of Sind.’ The historical character of the
house 1 further emphasized an PB possession of portraite
of Sir Charles Nay Commissioners, and other
distingnislied men w a gerved in Sind, such os Sir Joiies
Outram, General Jacob, Sir Menry Green, ote. A anil]
library of interesting and valuable books on the listary of
Sind was started by a former Commissioner, Sir Byan Janes.
The Frere Hall is by its situation and character the
mest notable building in Karachi and
rere Stall aod the would be beautiful but fer ite ineon-
fo | gruotts excrestencés, in Gotagonal tower
crowned with an iron cage, und an
_
70 KARACHI DISTRICT.
~
neute rool spirelet, coated with Muntz’s metal, The incep-
tion of this Hall was a meeting held to devise means of com-
moemorating the long and brilliant administration of Sir
Burtle Frere when he wascalled to the Viceroy’s Council im
1859, Asumof Rs. 28,500 was raised by subscription and
désigns for a public hall were invited: Out of twelve sent
in, one by Lieutenunt-Colonel St. Clair Wilson wae chose,
and the building was commenced in 1863. Tt was opened
in 1885, though not then quite complete, by Mr. Mansfield,
the Commissioner of the day. The total cost of at. came
to about Rs. 1/80,000, of which Government contributed
Ra. 10,000 and the sting in gee the balance. The
Hall is im the Venetian Gothic style and is built of the
fxmiliar yellowish Kurachi limestone, relieved very effec:
tively hy white oolite quarried near Bholuri south of Kotri
and red and grey sandstones from Jungshali., ‘The columns
und arches of the wide verandahs are exceedingly graceful
and) the whole detail pleasing, but the tower and spirelet
‘harmonize neither with the bedy of the building mor with
each other. The apex of the spirelet is, 144 feot above
ground level, From the porch on the east side a double
staircase Jeads wp direstly to a fine hall in the upper. storey,
70 feet long by 35 in width and 38 in height, This is the
“Town Hall” of Karachi for public meetings, lectures,
halls, ccmverts atid dramatic entertainments. It has wide
verandahs on two sides and opens at the north end, by an
arch into a second fine room, 83 feet by 24, which can be
vised to supplement the main hall and accommodate & stage
ot platform. On the ground floor there ts 4 main hall equal
to the ane above. The room at the end, correaponding to
the second room aobove, accommodates the « Hall
‘Library, The main hall upstairs is adorned with some youd
busts, among which are two of Their Majeatios King
‘Dinshaw, (LE. There are als at pees wa of Sir Churles
Con cs in : ,
(On the west side of the Hall stands the Queen's Statue
in the midst of what Js lmown fs “the Queen's Lawn,” and on
the eust side is the new Statue of King Edward VITI on the
responding King’s Lawn, the Hall and these two lawns
= - eee |. ee og”
in March 1906. The : :
treated architectural ae ee with statues of bronze
the base, and crowned with a caloseal white marble Shane
of the Queen-Empress, wearing « widow's veil and the impe-
rial crown and robes of state, and holding m her hand the
sceptre and the orb, The principal erie. dustin at the foot of the
pedestal represents Indis appr and Peawve.
On one side is a lion, on the LES tiger, with heads erect,
guanding the monumer ‘At the rear the river Inilus is
symbolized. by a woman carrying an urn and pouring walter
on the thirsty soil. The ap abet Ho Nhe eae SENS
Vietorin Rowd is: | broad flight of steps of Carrara
marble.
The Statue of King Edward in also by Sir Hameo Thaor-
nevoroft, R. A., and.was unveiled by His Excellaney Lord
Willington, Governor of Bombay, im January 1916. The
following description of it is taken from pamplilet prepared
by the Chairman of the Statne Committee at the time of
ite unveiling :—
“The classically treated architectural pedestal is of white
murble standing on hase of grey granite.
“ The pevestal is crowned with « colossal white marble
Statue of the late King-Kinperor Edward VII wearmg me
coronation robes of the King of England, and holii
his hands the sceptre and the orb upon the orb stant
winged figure af Victory in white marble.
“The ap in bronze at sha feet of the pedestal
represents Bit ritannia with the helmet, shield and trident,
wreathed with leaves and protecting an Indian child.
“The group in: branze at the back of the statue spre.
annts Peace, "winged female figure bending shyhthy over
‘an Indian child.
“On the rig t hand stands a bronze figure of heroto size,
representing s Britieh sokdier of the York ond Lancaster
Regiment stain at ease, his rifle with fixed hayonet in
his hands,
On the left hand aide of the statue stands « sali
figure of an Indian soldier of the 120th D. CO. Bali
"2 KARACHI DisTRict.
This hall, which is situated on tie cegisarTaagas was
ar : erected in 1886 to honour the memory
Max Dense Hal ft 4 citizen who had been prominent
in many ways and occupied the chair of the
Chamber of Commerce in 1870-71. The snm of Rs. 9,000
having been subscribed by his friends, the Municipality gave
au site and supplied the additional funds necessary to pro-
vide that part of the town with a public hall, reading room
and library, The design waa prepared by Mr, J, Stra-
chan; The atyle is) Venetian Gothic. The upper - storey
consists mainly 3 sce petra iy mtended to seat
“sh » Fhe | floor cat yori Nh hall,
reading Too some small rooms. On the east
font, there Wan Siewiinatint clock, the gift of Rao Sahib
Hamdaa Morarji.
The Ghulam 5 cyngor ee ngsarciene
Khaltidin Tod, Was the T t a ooalition
wag between the executors of the Inte Mr,
Sone Hussein Khalikdina, who had left by will Rs. 18,000
ent on some useful public object, the Committee
ofthe ative General Library, who were badly im need of new
: and the Municipality. The pent es cage
ts, 15,000 to the bequest and the hall was-erected
cy 1908. It consists of one apacious hall for public nthe
and two rooms flanking the entrance, which are, accord:
mg to agreement, Sane ut the dieposal of the Comunittee
of the Native General Lib rary. The hall ia 70 feet in length
by 45 in width and 30 in height and ia capable of seating
‘af fest by 22} ond a The front: portico has an area of
feet by 32) and a ten- -foot verandah runs round the
| of the | The 5 belongs to, and is munin-
csiged by, the Municipality
‘Other large bulls pralable for ublic mee ate the
Goa-Port ee Hall. in nee Street
Sait the Grammar School, and
7 Sind Volunteer Rifles and
é eors, the former wt the | gel
| : | | the
latter on Victoria Road opposite the Scateh ‘Church. The
first named hall belongs to the Gou-Portnguese
Association and has taken the place of an earlier hull,
=
Vie
.
PLACES OF tNTHREST. 78
the proveeds of which helped towards the building
am ree af the money required wna tnised hy the |
tion from ifs own resources. ‘The total wae Re. 36,000,
aL which) Bk. 6,000 were, pai for stm sit The building
mle a ate Mr, M. Samnke, Inca! perro it
e-same plan as the Frere Hall, and
| on almost
the dimensions of its rooms are nearly the same.
The Sind Club occupies a ‘inuous position m
Victoria Road to north side of the
saat Frere Hall. tt was: origins lly housed
in a small bungalow in Elphinstone Street, but in 1883 was
pemoved to lig geeye meses The main building was
built entirely hmestone in the Italian style. A
ae! building fpr eden a two-storial block of chambers
wae erected m 1889. In 1882four chambers were built over
the amoking room. In 104 the third block was i
and finally on the acquisition of the site of the Masoni
Lodge adjucent to it a new block containing 9 sets of cham-
bers was erected in 1916. ‘The club contams the wal
accommodation and arrangements, and there is in the
compound a racket court.
The gymkhana 1s steer Pomt eee aml lias
~ : oooupied ites present buildings (with
Marathi Gymkbers- = subsequent enlatgeniénts) since 1886.
Tt ie the lineal descendant of the meeting place near the
rifle range where the European population of Karachi
neal to mect in the early days of the conquest and which
recived the name of Scandal Pomt. The road lending to
it i also known ax Scandal Point, Road,
There are numerous gther clubs the intsra a aenok
tims in. Karachi, = bemg
Other Cet ete Karachi Cinb in Kachest Road,
the Parsi Gymkhana, the Railway Tnatitute and the Karac
Artillery Volunteer Chib,
The original Masonic Hall stood on 1 site to the north
of and adjacent pdersiquetendss A few
cars by an .
Masoole Hall.
the lodge Sid ‘iercith the bios was tesumed by Goverinant:
and made over to the club on lease for an extension of its
| a i iais—io
The lodge was in exchange granted u site between. —
74 KARACHI DISTRICT.
Government Honse and the Artillery Lines, and a new
- teniple was vance y ee of Rs. ots = Lage Hop
in L914. The origmal lodge m is ge i.
founded in 1842. Thera are at the barron time eight |
lodges, all of which hold regular m
To the weat. of the new | sant ths buildings of the
= we ve tile thie Y-LO.A. The branch
was founded im 1905, and carned on
its work in hired premises until 1914, when ita permanent
buildings were erected. Standing im an excellent site they
have -cost Rs, 67 500, ren yartly by subscriptions from
Karachi and abroad, partly by a Government grant, and
partly by « grant from the Sational Council, The buildimgs
contain general rooms and «a gymmasmm on the ground
floor hostel ascommodation for eighteen persons up
atairs. iphiewade Kern nerve of land foe vames, ate murrednel-
ing them.
Holy Trinity Church, the first Protestant church built
im Bind, stands In a compound of
Holy Triaky Churek. 1 acres between Victoria’ K ancl
Elphinstone Street and opposite the main entrance to
Governinent House. It waa one of the first works set on
al the Mr. (Sir Bartle) Frere after his arrival in Sind and hie
e nag stone oa Oth September 1852. It is
rey, the Reverende W. K. Fletcher
aril ww Pa sai the | oinmissioner at the entrance to the
ohurch square. The Senior Chaplain, thor in the name of
the community, requested the Commissioner to Tay the
stone. On his assent bemg received Lpeeyers were recited
and the Junior Chaplain then proceeded to read the macrip-
tion « on the foundation stone.” The names of the coins
be depatited in the atoné wore then read out, alter which
. = . The aan was ‘ oinmtorabea in March 1856 by the
_ Bishop of Bombay. IS CORN OF Hea Dele ine ae Ree Ae
without the furnishings which rmitodt about
Ra. 10,700 and the two bells which ich cost ‘Rs. 1,580. The
SEO. Woe See peemeaes. URE TSG the coat of it (Ra. 7,000)
PLACES OF INTEREST.
was met by private subscriptions. The presen
also paid for by public subscription im 1906. |
‘The church was. cote by, Captain John Hill of the
Bombay Engineers, Sir Richard Burton conn et He
tower of
only 115 H
img the shore, for which there doea not appear to be any
foundation excepting the difficulty of accounting for it in
any other way, In 1904 the two uppermost of the six
storeys of which it consisted were removed for reasons of
safety, and this somewhat improved the whole stravtiure
architecturally: ‘The church, is not oriented, but les nortli-
west to south-east, probably to catch the prevailing breeze.
Thore are $00 sittings, all free, but allotted at parade service.
There was an interesting memorial window to Sir Uharles
Napier high up in the east wall (see page 145, “a * Volume)
but it was blown to pieces by the cyolime of 1002, Another
window, erected in 1881, by Mr. F. D. Melville, Commum-
sicner in Sind, to the memory of his wife, survived the storm.
There are numerous brasses, of which one, dedicated to
the memory of three children of Captam Minter m 1842,
must have been affixed originally in the oll bungalow to
which Sir Charles Napier referred as “ an ecclesiastical
convenience’ long before the church was built. Seven in
officers and: privates of H. M.'s 22ud Regiment, “ to thusir
fellow-soldiers who died from the effecta of climate during
their firat tour of service in Sind im 1842-43." This origi-
nally stood in the grounicts of Government House, but was
To the north-east of the church, a bungalow for the
chaplain haa recently been built by Government. South-
A.
70 KARACH] DISTRICT.
east: of the church stands the Howard Inatiiute, founded
by the Reverend A. B. Howard, but not finished until after
his death. His portrait hangs in it and there ts a brass
tablet to his memory in the church. The matitate contains
i library and refreshment, billiard and readmg rooms,
hesides a hall for meetings and entertamments, the cost
| ing which (Rs. 10,000 in all) was entirely raised by
wivate effort. ‘The institute is imtended for the parish-
joners and members of the church and is much used by
the soldiers in garrison,
This is a one-storeyed bungalow in Victoria Road for
Abie! tisk the residence of widows and is m the
| . charge of the chaphin, Four widows
receive Rs, 15 per mensent, two others Rs, 5, and a Govern-
ment grant of Rs_.17 is made towards the mamtenance ol
a military widow. Apart from these grants the home is
entirely éupported by voluntary contributions.
The Seoteh ee on oo iti also between
jwhoria anil linstone Streep,
epee but more than half a mile north of
Holy Trinity Church. It is close to the traffic of oe
‘Bazsar, but effectually secluded by its well-wooded |
of 2 acres from which ita graceful spire, rismg to a height of
185 feet, commands ‘attention from a great distance. This
: pleasing building, designed by Mr. T. G. Newnliam
of the Sind Railway in the Gothie style of the 14th century.
It comsiats of a nave, 100 feet long 58 feet wide and 56 feet
high to the ridge of roof, which is separated from the aisles
by srcades, above which are clerestory windows, ten on
each side. There is fine rose-window, 18 feet m diameter,
wt the scrath end, and a» five-light- window, with a head of
reometrical tracery, cm the ite side, The church is
_by an ectagnal porch at the south corner, near
- which is the tower and le. "We ia’planmed 40 scootte
“modate 400. w: i¢ cost of the buildmg was
Ra. 56,300, of which Shyetintienk contributed Rs, 25,000,
The foundation stone of this church waa laid on fth February
1867 by ‘Sir Robert Napier, K-C.B., Commander-m-Chief
mm Li — aisd 1b Wee cyanea tty: Civier sens
ou ieeot day of 1806 though it was not dedicated until
i - ee | ll Se ed ——— |
Bb .
ee Pe bet Hes an unpretentious rire
ing, erected in 1876 and capable of seating 200 persons.
Tho Roman Catholic ee i one eae group hie
Ms : substantia) boildings which attest the
——— Churek- importance of the Roman Catholic
Community of Karachi. They ure situated in the plain east
of the Sadar Bazaar and north of the Napier barracks, embow-
ere] in w large and shady garden, which hides them from
“sew fo some extent: but the broad front of the church,
with its two corner spires, stands ont and commands atten-
tion, The place has some historical mterest. Close to the
south compound wall, and adjoining the old cemetery,
described below, was built, in 1645, St, Patrick's Church,
the first Christian Church in Sind, with the exception of
tlie ure mentioned in the article on Tatta, of which nothing
is known. This little church has long disappeared and the
site of it is now. occupied by a play-ground for the girls af
the Convent School; but three memorials of it are care-
fully ‘preserved. ‘The first is a brass tablet, mecribed as
follows -— |
hits ring hearse ei to St. Patrick and
the first Christian temple m Pagan Soimdo, was.
erentedd Anno Domim 1845, by subseriptions
and demations from the Roman Catholic Officers,
non-commusasioned officers and soliliera, depart-
ments, classes and individuals, aided by the
donations of many of our Protestant brethren.
“The Reverend Francis Casabosch, Chaplam,
+“ Be it known unto all men. That all ight
to, and property in,and belongmg to this Church,
is vested im, and te Sealab wae unto the
Chaplain (in trust for the use of all Christians)
and his successors In communion with the Holy
Roman Catholic Church, but ander the control
of the Bishop of Bombay, wnti] auch time as
« Roman Catholic Bishop. shall be
for this portion of the Britieh Enrpire, and no
78 KANACHT DISTRICT.
longer; but this Church is mever to be given
over ii any manner whitsoever to Government.
The Rev. F. Casaboevh, Chaplam.
| Major J, Creagh, H. M.’e 86th Regi-
Assistant Surgeon J. Coghlan, H- M.'s
\ Sth Regiment.
jee W. Smith, H. Mo's 86th
Committee ..
Collector and} Regiment.
Treasurer, ) H.0.. mg Engraver, et¢., Chatham,
Anotlier brass tablet contains an engraved balance
sheet of the building expenses, in which His Excellency the
Governor of Bind pnd staff appear as contibutors of
Ra, 150. The total expen ittire was only is 6,030-] 1-2.
The third memorial @ a small marble tablet to the
wernory of the Reverend F, Andrew, “ discalood Carmelite,”
who died in 1860,
1 1881 the little church waa superseded by the present
thi wrecked
one, but continued to be used ‘as a school till 1t waa-w
by a storm in 1886. The new church, which was designed
and comatracted by three members of the Society of Jesus,
Father Wagner, Brother Klover and Brother Lau. was opened
in April 1881, It isin the Gothic style and measures 170 feet
hy 75, and is caleuluted to accommodate 1,500 worshippers.
lis exterior is not ornamental, though strikmg from a
distance, but money and art have been lavished on the
interior. The ceilings of both nave and aislea consist of
ground vaults, and the vault of the nave is carried in one
stretch front the portal, through the transept, to the peale
of oy oe an arrangement which enhances the impres-
acquires 4 id -impressivencss by ite ndditional height,
| size statues of some artistic merit, ‘and a series of * Stations
of the Crom ”’ adorn the walls,
jac tie which sonar hs ‘the " Convent reaver |
al
ene under “Education.” The latter are eubstar
and built for comfort rather than effect, laut would bey
heen ple if their arrangement had not been: nat
church. BE. ts Patrick's School, the ast riding’ cf f the
compound and separated from the.
al the watt fat teas fe to the Parsi Gymkhana.
There are no private marketa im Karachi, but eight
. municipal ones. The chief one i the
Sars Empress Market on the Preoiy
Road in the Sadar Bazaar, which was opened im March
1801. The foundation stone of it had been laid by Sir:
James Fergusson nearly seven years before, bat. the:
sig Brn: for want of the The building, which
1 by Mr. J. Strachan in the Domeatic
ass style, consista of fear eh si fest: wide ae
rouncding COUrtyAry 130 feet 100 n the
frout rises ota dacaaiee tower 140 feet high, in which is Fi
chiming clock with four iron skeleton dials, each 6 feeb m
diameter, The market contains 280 stalls for the sale of
rans vegetables, fruit, flowers and all things else suitable
or an Kastern market, eave fish, which is accommodated
pane The cost of the market was Rs. 155,213.
The Boulton Market, which replaced an old one on the
same site, stands on the left of the Bunder Road, Tt wna
named in honour of Colonel Boulton, Collector of Karachi
and ot that time President of the Municipality, It was
dewigned by Mr. Strachan and was at first 100 fevt in
gth by 86 fect, in width and contamed pesgperesth ila
anil vegeta 1886-87 it was largely extended
ri age 1 for butchers a fr ‘eka shgere
ee total cost haa been Rs, 42,668..
The ofher marketa are the Lambert Morket, a neat
little dovecate at fhe meeting of five roads not far fron the
a0 KABACHI DISTRICT.
Sind College, the banal So Murket' on the left bunk of the Lyari
the Khudd arket, about half a mile on the other
eide, where a great traffic in fresh-canght fish is carried on,
and three others interesting to their own vicinities,
The Victoria aes is Ligeia wpe esentati
m direct descent, of th
Witate Mee. and Library started by Sic Charles
Napier to promote the investigation of the history and
antiquities of Simi. Tt Sencar gamated
with a public brary imaugurated by Sir Bartle Hrate
in 1852, now the Frere F pibeary ~, The two were one
jnetitution and were at firat accommodated i in a room af the
Ladies’ Club and afterwards im the Frere Hall, m which they
rermmed until E892. It had before then been decided to
rate the Museum and provide i it with a worthy building,
Mr J. Strachan designed « building . the foundation stone
of which was laid inthe Burns Gat on by His Reyal High-
Se ths Deke Cannaught m 1886-87, but as it-soon became
apparent that the fu available for this and for the
Bind Colloge, at that ‘time being ¢ i, Would not suffice
for two structures of adequate d igaity an economy ‘without,
aaorilice of effect was achieved h True era: ating them. and
making the eee a wing of the Calle It consista of
a main ae Ss i Fac nj foe feet, wit with gallery om ne on
ornament] iron p rooms, afford
3,723 mquare fest fof Sic as aa The front verandah, ba
and one side room have floors of mosaic tiles, The Victoria
Museum wae formally opened by Sir Even James, together
with the College building, on 22st May 1892.
When the Museum was transferred to ite present build-
ing, ita control passed to the Municipality, and the results
avn heen lo some extent unfortunate, as the collection was
for some time neglected with the results that cies fl Mesa
exliihita hhuve been lost or cannot now be
fed. ‘There is nevertheless much that is Lae value in’ the
Mirseum.
The most huportant of the public gardens. is the
Zz ~ .
en this: garden and it contams. a larg
| prodicem excellent Grapee The orimin alips
mas at first sitar toe ite ep Tut in 1847
W, Blenkins, Assistant
2 ae =
int endent of aniefs wus
| ip |
: vas the Samet vetintus to the troops
ab sa Na sale of aia
to. ory crage to
private pers oe atl the mryty. of. pigecns,..capbt abhi and «
the hospital, He appende certi-
ater Gs ta oftere eat tic | me bred by Major Blonicins
were infinitely superior to those formerly obtained by con-
tract, The garden at that time measured 43 acres and
contained 14 wella. Sometime after the formation of the
Karachi Muninpality the garden was handed over te its
care. Afterwards it was laid out on a new plan by the lite
Mr, Hl. AL Birdwood: He was associated in thie work with
Mr. Finch, Uirectar of the Indo-Furopean Telegraph,
and Mr. Strachan, and they proceeded, with the help of
district officers und native gentlemen in all parte of the
ince, to form the nucleus of a slibatiin ot vila aninials.
he sandy soi! und the climate appear to be favourable to
the health of these, which have thriven and m many cases
bred and multiplied 69 that the Karachi Zoological Garden
hns a reputation quite out of proportion to its sim and
ter. Vegetables and fruits of Many kimi are grown
vineyard = W which
California: hy Sir E. JInmes, » former foasseerete
Routh af the Zoologiwal Garden » a ane: |
old ‘trees, comminly known a4 the Merewether f i
the Con:missioner's Garden. Tt belongs to ih
was purchased by Government in 1880 for the @
of Batara and afterwards weed as a residence oe
Sulieb, brother at a former Raja of Kolhapur, After. shire A
Saheb's desth it wns reserved as 4 gnest-honse for the ncoom-
midation of the Mirs of Sind. Some years ago, at o lecture
witty
1?
his followers, whose cupidity
BP KARACH? DISTHICT.
hy Mr. H. M. Birdwood, read beforo the Bociety of Arts,
W. Lee-Warner made an amusing reference to this
panien and took to himegl aome credit: for Suvi it when
he was a intmber Of the Finance Committee appomnted by
Government to cut. down redundant) expenditure. One of
the members was drawing his pen through « curious item
in the expenditure of Sind, which no one could explaim, on
account of " Mrs, Gordon's Establishment.” ‘Sir W. Lee-
Warner havin been in Sind locked into the matter and
found that the name was only a Bengali printer's version. of
Mirs’ Garden Establishment. The garden is maintamed
etill, though the bungalow collapsed a few yeurs ago, and up
to the present has not been rebuilt,
"The Burns Garden, on the Kacheri Road and separated
from the Sind College by the Burns Road, is the memorial
of a gentleman of whom histary has kept no other record.
He ie commonly spoken of as Dr, Burns. The garden covers
oo lt of 26°20 acres a se eA ma Astra
yy well-grown trees, with flower beds and vegetable pots
between ‘There is also a vinery. |
There are several mmor municipal gardens.
The old burial grounds contain some of the most
Op authentic records of the history of
wie 2... Karachi, The oldest is the one slready
alluded to, on the left hand of the Bunder Road, between
it and the Preedy Tank. This is the oldest Europe
emetery in Sind and belongs to the time when the reserve
force was encamped near the old town af Karachi before
the conquest. Here is the grave of Captam Hand of the
Gnd Grenadier Regiment, B. N. f., who was “ barbarously
murdered by «_ of Sindhinns, 1839." The family
annals: of Seth Naomal tell the story of this unfortur
young officer's end. He went out from the camp ome clay
for a ride in the direction of Mugger Peer, but did not return.
Search was made and his body fownd in a hollow of the
hills. Colonel Spiller, the officer In command of the small
force, at once Ap nlied to Seth Naomal, “who cenit mut
gees and traced the murder to ifa Ohokur, o
0 religious leader of Shah Bilawal, and some af
rLAcrs oY INTERESY. aa
‘orkid on the: Conta’ cont, Po tele eee
ut Hyderabad Mir Nur Mohammad was induced to
Khalifa Chakur and send him to Karachi. He was "tne
by-a military court and hanged at the scene of the murder,
“which possibly gave its name to Hand's Hill, about 2 miles
north-east-of the Napier barracks.
Imoneéeditely after the conquest a new cemetery was
opened close to the south boundary of the Convent School's
componmd., Here is the graye of fp John wasp tie
Napier, nephew and Military Secretary of the conque
who died of pee fs on Tth Jnly 1846, and of bis ‘ntact
caugeist Sarah who him by three days, Other
nia of that aw if time are not wanting, One con-
spicuous monument ja to the memory of 10 corporals,
m . 263 privates, 35 women and #6 children, 86th
Royal Reginient: Of thie mumber 261.died of cholera in
Jnne and July 1846. Twonty-three sergeanta of the same
corps, of whom 10 fell victims in the same fatal months,
hove 2 separate monument, The latest tomb in the ceme-
gi is dated 1854, though the Barrat family vault appear:
ave been re-opened or a burial in 185).
The next burying ground w ly was the mall
OPAC Ab halla mile $0 thet tipt the ame, st present
in use, contaming only 16 graves, The few mecriptions
which are. still Jegibla helong to the years 1852-53. This
was succeeded hy the cometery now in uxe on the Tatts
Read, which water and care have converted mto an oasis
of greetmess nid shade in the midst of a stony plain.
The Port of Karachi is distant from Bombay 483 miles,
front Aden 1,437 and from London |
Karachi Fer. = cig the Suez Canal 6,077, being
Europe thin Bombay by 200 miles. From
pag yg a eo Gulf its distance is 1,107
ec nie eae pipe ot goa ape y i ia miles.
‘Tt as y serv: two lines of cons
those of the British Steam navies Oo, which
ply between Bombay and the Gulf ren
3078, Oc: SEN ES NN ee eae
Fe ale MNphend oo wt the passenger
a on Co. (Shep & Co,), whilst the
steamers of the City, Hall, Ellerman, and Wilsot 1
wel
it affordad i anfe and spacious anchora
water off Kiamari, and disvha
tah into doondees, by wkiah ihey were conveyed at
a MAMACHIE DIMETRIOT.
the pert regularly. The position af Karachi and the facilities
whieh the port affords for the embarkation of troops have
rendered it a place of considerable imilitary importance
during the war,
The harbour, na it was before the British oveupation
of Sind, consisted of a great lagoon, or backwater, —_
at high water spring tides covered an area of 18 ap miles
of creek ond moangroove swamp ond mud fiat. had two
inlets, separated by the long, low island of Kaamari- The
‘eastern inlet was the Clhinna creek, now closed < the western
being protected from the southwest monsoon by the rocky.
lieadland of “Ras Minhora and from hostile Meets by
the = fort anil round tower built thereon by the .
! ing partly closed by ii fe bar, or saund sand-bank,
or vessela not draw-
ing more then 15 or 18 fot These Iny at anchor in deap
siharged their cargoes end passen-
water ip a natrow channel whith penetrated the mud
fist in front of the town, and so landed on o mall patch of
Hsing ground “betides a white mosque built close to the
Custom Honse," a4 reported by Commander T. @. Carless
‘of the Indisn Navy.
‘When the British came into possession of Karachi, its
es igion importance as “the key af Sind and of the Indus,”
wre apprehended at atice, ani the attention which was
then directed to the great question of improvmg the ‘port
has scarcely suffered interruption in the seventy years that
have followed. It is only possible here to enumerate the
poncipal messites which have been carried owt
+ es 1859 the Napier Mole, projected by Sir Charles
Nap ; pleted amd Kismari connected with the
"ia Taam; Ae Walker, C. 1, to whom the whole subject
tt Vans eter by tho Hash tala Co many in conse
rence af the earnest representations of Mr, (afterwards
Si , Bartle: Frere. proposed a mervelloualy Pere =
rehensive scllome, embracing six urgent works, esfi-
rooted ti cout £200,000, nnd three others of less, certain
necessity. Five of of these .were sanctioned in 1860, and,
ale ae lias
rr
ei Ose
-. 7
ha
LACKS OF INTEMEST. Mo] 1
though alterwarda interrupted for soma years were all
eventually carried oitt, namely —
(1) Kiamari Groyne, running southwards from Kiamari.
for a distance of 7,400 fet (extended afterward
ta 8,31) feet).
(2), Stoppage of Chinn Oreck,
(3) Napier Mole Bridge (over a passage 1,200 fest long
pow out t Sisk gt the mole),
(4) New Channel (Which now conducts the flow of the :
Chinna Creek under the Dt A and pst the Notive -
‘Jetty, 46 tliat, on the ebb, it joins up the wators f
of t eo western backwater, the whale tidal volume
thua concentrated and passing out through
the basbons enbrarce),
(5) Native ding —The object of the first ipur works
were in Mr. Walker's own words,
“ty prevent the ebbing tide from aprendt
anil wasting its foree until it haa carr) the sand of
the bur into deeper water |
seconilly, ta the water that passes
the paras ak Re at atti ebbing and
flowing tides its right direction | ; |
thirdly, to meres the quantity of water that -
passes through the entrance ;
fourthly, to ahut off thecheavy southerly and
squth-weaterly seas from the mouth of the harbour.”
These objects were attained in.a remarkable degr
and the bar began to move rae ey While the depth of
water over it ic Tho sixth of Mr, Walker's pro-
posed works, the Manora Breskwater, iyesanhiig from this
, Headland for 1,500 feeb and termmuting in five fathoms,
wis begun in 1889 and completed in I873. In 1877 to
supplement the effect of these works Government sanbtioned
{page one lakh of:-rupees annually fur ten years, to be
spent an dredging.
In 1880 the Harbour Board was constitited, and the
Merewether 8 fSgtes wae Cpampisiad in 1882. In 1886
‘the affairs of Port were taken or ye rae ni |
and this body found. itself in-possemion of the following —
=
—_
a f _
‘ :
at Pha ene
HH KARACHI DISTRICT,
facilities for accommodating steamers up to 39,000 tons
burden :-—
(1) Anchorage for 3 ocean-gomg steamers.
(2) Moorings, fixed and swinging, for 8 ocean-going
steamers.
(3) The Merewether Pier accommodating one large
ocean-going steamer.
(4) A wharf, the Napier Mole Bost Wharf, 680, feet
jan for the accommodation af the country erat
le.
The construction of a wharfage line,about 2,000 feet
long for the accommodation of 6 ovehii-foing steame©rsa,
had just been commenced.
During the thirty years that have ols | since the
formation of the Trust, the harbowr has cigge improved
that any vessel that can pans through the Suez Canal can
enter into it. ‘The followmg works now exist on the eastern
sidé of the Ship Channel commencing from the south end
where the eastern groyne constructed in 1863 snd 1865
(1) Bulk Oi] Pier at which liquid fuel, ail and petro-
leam ix discharged by pipes direct into the mstalla-
tions of the Standard Oil Co, New York Burmah.
OU Co., Asiatio Petroleum (o., ‘Tank Storage Ca,,
Litd., ancl Anglo-Saxon Petroleum Co,, Litd,, and by*
drums and tins into railway waggons. ‘This pier
waa built-m 1000.
(2) Boat Basin, 11 acres in oxtent, for landing and
embarking pms Agere ood Gtc., from anih,
| stream, with railway service and
hydraulic cranes, builtin 101200
(8) Return Wharf, 985 ford lang, fos
=
*
This wharfuge line ia divided as follows:—
(a) “ Merewether" Wharf, 4 a (this
was built In 1909 and the
Pier was removed Wlien this straight line of
wharf wus constructed),
“ Jerakine " Whari, 3, shi
the old Evakime Wharf, bh ii Sh,
removed when the line of wharf was straight-
ened in 1908,
(c) “ James” Wharl, 4 ship berths, built im 1895.
(cd) " Younghusband ” Wharf, 4 ship berths, built
in 1007-10.
(e) “ Giles" Wharf, 3 ship berths, built m 1000-07,
These wharves are named after former Commus-
sionera in Sind.
(5) Heavy Lift Pier, one 14-ton crane (for use im connec
tian with n 20-ton lloatiny crane), built m 1014.
(6) Napier Mole Boat Whart, 1,524 feet in gy for
county craft trade. The original length was 680
feet an before mentioned; 1 000 feet were added in
1907-00 awl 102 fect in 1014, a length of 48 feet
was cut off in 1910 owing to the building of the
new railway bridge across the Chinna Creek.
There are thus 17 ship herths in Hine at whieh vessels can
lie, discharge and load with the greatest ease and eapicity
and two other ship berths well suited for the purposes they
serve.
There ore silso 20 moormgs in the stream for ccvan-
going se and ample snchorage for imoumerable
TY t
Yn the year 1900 the Trust installed m the Manora
Light House « new flash light of greab power at a cost of
Rea. 1,15,948 in | tage af the old low power fixed light which
ec inherited from the Harbour Board. In the pois 1014
Government inetulled i flush Tilit. in a new light house at
pe Monte, distant 20 miles, west of Karachi, and a light-
hip haa smoe been provided v eter for the mouths
of the Indus, south-east of |
‘(Chinna Creek, thus enormous!
3H KARACHI! NESTHICT,
to the war has not yet been used and lies at anchor m the
Sais The safe approach to the Port in normal times
= thus been amply provided for.
" At the north of the Ship Channel jis the Native Jetty
with warehouses, uted by vessels discharging and loading
in the stream, etc. This was built before the Port Truat
was constituted, but has been largely improved and addi-
tional wureliouses built in the present century.
fobaiy: ida Prast3 in HW purchased un area of 177 ncres,
tidal swamp, from the Karachi Municipality, which
reclaimed and constituted « Produce Yard, lmown #4
rg “Thole " yard. They have also since 1900 reclanmed
an area of 61 acres and constitute] thereon the “ Mans-
field " Insport Yani named after a formwr Commissioner in
Bind, co pike with ample of warehouses far import
cargo on the Karachi side of the Chinhe Creek.
They have also since the begining of the century
reclhimed about 115 acres of land between Kianiari and the
y enlarging their Kiamari
Railway and Produce Yards which have been reconstricted
with a view to the convenience of merchants and rapidity
of working:
This reclamation has also completely consolidated the
area between the Chinna Creek Bridge and Kiumuari to the
north of the ayes Mole Road.
The fdllowing figures: relating to financial years (lst
April te Sist March und for every fifth year) show how the
revenue and expenditure have preaeet: —
‘Year. Ft eemintt. Bapeodiiure
Rea. Rs.
1887-88 » 4,038,696 611,137
1807-08 5 9,08, 822~ B07 Bal
2-08 -, 15,64,918 12.07, 706
1907-08 . §2,04,986 20,45, 278
1912-13 -, £6,87,681 38,51,615
“1816-17 _, 46,00,847 39,03,710—
vk. A a i
~\ster under their own Act a8
=
PLACA OF INTEREST. ab
The highest revenue reached waa in 1013-24, the year
before the war broke out, when it was nearly Rs. 60,00,000,
Té will thus be seen that in thirty years the revenue hos
‘nereased to ten times as mmech ae when the Port Trast
wis constituted and that the heavy Increases began after
~The value of the trade of the Port for cormaponding
years is as follows :-~
i
Yor. Iopert. | Hapert. | Tidal,
Ee eee
% Ra. Ka | Ks.
S : 6,18,01,331| 4,08,16,877 | 10,20,78,208
isie-05 | -7,00,73,108 | 6,56,48,339 | 12,50,61,037
1807-28 _,| B,71,07,380| 7,27,20,013 | 15,98,27,003
1902-08 | 169,821,484 10,49,05,295 | 22,01,88,710
fe pe 21,66,01,881 | 11,14,26,339 | 32,90,28,220
12-13 _.| 24,90,48,370 | bAbecesntik 61,92,01,004
1H16-17 P iI th, 85,07, O22 |: :
The falling off in the year 1916-17 ts ‘ive to the: rarest
reduction of trade owing to war conditions,
In the earlier years of the Port debs was incurred by
loans frow Government, Theses were mberited by the
Port Trust Board from the Harbour Board and at present
only amount to Rs 4,65, 087.
‘The complete figures areas on Ist April of each year <—
Tor (hiteiarding dole.
IBBT-85 we L1,08,887
1807-08 Fi 42,09, 700:
1902-038 ., 6&3,/17,604
1907-08 . Bla
1912-19 . 1,95,08, 292°
1016-17 _, 2,01 21,049
The Board smce the year 1887 have mised loons m the
open market under the Local abepnent in ya hp Act and
— at maturity of all loans ts provided sey t
ing Funds which are mamtained fly Government pany
fos as 410-12
4
ele Th ys
- fr
i We F Pn
= =
B.
PO RANACHT DMTRIOCT.
The postion of the Trust finumpially is very strong as
with a comparativ a aos debt they own an immensely
valuable property m and material and have established
a Reserve Fund in case of need which stood at the following
fiymres for the yeare given on Ist April i—
Yur. Hesere Fowl.
1 Ra,
1887-85 Oa Nil,
1892-04 Nia.
1897-08 | 2 00,000
1902-03 = 10 eM)
807-05 .. 15,00,000
1912-13 x meses
But for the cabarets on of the war, a very impor
extension of the harbour works, estimated to cost, Ra, 973
lakhs, would now have’been in progress. This is know! az
the“ West Wharfage Scheme " and provides for the present
construction of six und later on, 4% required, of ten more
“berths on the western side of the Ship Channel. So
far work has proareeet only to the extent of obtaining
a very powerful suction dredger costing with pipe line about.
aap snd the roclarnation by means t of a portion
be acne whitch has been approved by Government
includes the widenmg and deepening of the Ship Channel
from ite present wiith of 600 fect to 1,200 feet and to a
depth taking vessels drawing up to 32 feet at any state of
Lor tide hie ithe al bert aot alloy vessels alongside
ives en
eta Bod sit ah te prt gdp of
a dl SE Gomaeien overmiment and ten Trustees nomi-
nated by Crmuinlesstanie- th fired ne ithe loeal. Glovers:
ment, and ¥arioga looal: bodies.
— ae
ee
PLACHS or MN TEREAT
Keti Bandar sor ar simors, 67° phen i} ogi
Rei tender. “Kee; Bondar Mahal and ia the chief
town inthe taluka of Ghorabari. It is a municips
with a population of 1,734. It is nilmimistered by 4
kari and contains the Mehalkari’s Office, Customs House,
Police Station, Vernacular School, Post Office and Dispen-
aary. ay is pice of very recent origi en Com-
N,, surveved the Delta of the Indus in.
a
1837, he found Vikkur Bandar next in importance to Karachs,
but it was not» town, oly o landing place far Baree Gornh
horubari), Which had adquired commer rcinl importance
when the a scat of Dharaja ant Shohbander were for-
auken by the ever-changing river and the Hajamro became
nimost the only route by which vessels of any size cxniled
pas up. Even at that tune vessela drawmg moré the
7 feet could not get up ws high as Vikkur. About ten yours
later Vikkur became ina¢cesable ond trade removed 10
Kati, wpparently the name of a emall village, whith then
existed. The name bas remained, but the site of the Bandar
has changed, the first ite having beon submerged about
ishd. Even the present site is very msecure and mock
#
‘the last twelve seo
L
of the town lay been eroded during
“The Ochito is now the main stream, the river having
ite way down it, but at any time it may follow the channel
of tie Haidari. Keti ts of importance now less as an
entrance for merchandise: seeking the upper parte than ja
an outlet for the produce of the aurroundmg country. The
total value of the trade for the last five years is. ehown
Emiperts,
| iit
ro nts | bore-td | DOLMTS. Tneartacy
e
La
7
Merehandi a T,7dRS6 | 16),000 | LSayeer
oi, tal | Poa
Tr. enure eS
| ] of |
Total ,.| 152073 | otto | a TET er)
is | = 4
g2 KAMACHT DISTRICT.
The imports consist almost entirely of miscellanoous
goods from Karachi,
Laports.
Monts. | dikes. | amtasth, | ates, | moter,
= =— " = oe’
Ha.
ite is, Te | itm.
Merchaniicr pe AE | SASS] SAR ASE | AAMAS | ARO
|
Tresaure | | Nil, | |
The great artiole of export is rice, much of which is
sent to Cutch and Kathiawar, The duty realized on this
‘is shown below ;—
AT1-1e (MINS JON, todays, 1918-14,
Re ee, he, Pus Ba.
ee Oa ae le
There is a substantial Customs House with quarters
for the staff, which consists of an offioar in-charge and-three
desis. Keti is also the headquarters of two Sea Coast
Inspector of the Customs Department who patrol the
creeks im boats.
Kotz, a large town (25° 22° north lititude, 68° 22°
“Motel east longitude) in the an i tae
station of the Kotri Taluka. It has
a erage omg and a ulation of 7,256. There
the town the ubhtyarkur’s Office, Assistant
| Sectn's bungalow, Police Station, Railway ‘Hospital,
<' ja aleo a small;
Library, musafirkhena, combined Post and Telegraph Office,
hglo-Vernacttiar School, 2 European Schools, and a Distil-
at tice: Sproat its kind in Sind, nsed for the distillation
y lien: 'y sold in the |
; (Christ Church) with seats yee 100,
whieh contains a font given by Mrs, (Lady) Frere in 1854
on. Com : its executed in Hala pottery
~ in 4860 and theron renovated in 1887. Kotri is situated
| the x she aan. 1900 has been
on the other side-of tho river
a Men” Votehie pte at
=” |
PLACES OF INTEREST. - 92
ss Ba cr ds replacing the steam ferry which used to”
ply between two places The town has
road. communications te Karnchi there are: two rondd
by Thano Bula Klin, und the other via Jerruck,
Tatta, Gharo anti Landhi, 127 miles, A road also goes to
Virah, distant 24 miles. Much of the traffic by river
ling or comet ae er Fie tone of grees Ma
is. quite a tomer pve. t owed ita mmportance t7
the rise of Hyderabad on tie other side of the tiver and
to the roads from Schwan, Karavhi and the Delta meeting
here, It greatly dneréased when it became the terminus
of the Karach) Kotri Railway amd the starting ysspscen ofthe —
river steamers for Sukkur and Multan. The ©
describes the nniniated aur bate of the river bank with
the Flotilla steamers, their barges and numerous native
bouts miocired close to the whore, ext either discharging. oF
taking in ¢argo,” There were niles of sidimga on the banks
of tho river to facilitate the tramsfer of cargo. The Temas
of the old flotilln and other vestiges of that prosperous time
may still be seen, though the only ateamer of that period
which now survives and is in use is the (ormmmissioner
gind’s "Jhelum and ity sttendont flat the “ Maltan.”
After Kotri was directly connected with Sokkur by a ine
on the right bank of the Tndus jt smk into comparative
insignificance. The population i 1872 was 7,040, of whom
S04 were Christians; in 1901 the population was only
7,617 with 250 Christians, while mm 1911 it was 7,256
with 45 Christians, Kotri was at tues exposed to sETIOtE
soy from flooda in the Baran river, which falls inte
[wins four niles sowth of it Deep drama were cut
pee ‘of the town anil ¢ 1 ambankmente tated to the west-of
+ with good results. In August 1014 owing to the pheno-
monal height Gf the river the town was all a eabelerer
Drainage and sanitation appears also to ‘te improved
the health of the town.
Kotri Allakraktiic Shah (24° 24" north latitude.
G7" 62° east to ae is the head-
Fotrt Allakrakbie thad. quarter atatinn of Talika and
Se Oe ae r. Tt is a villago
of no hnportancs, but conveniently sitnated for odnanstr
tive purposes. It containa the Makhtyarkar's Office, 1
td EARACEY DISTRICT.
_ Police Station, Post Office nnd musafirkiana, The nearest
_ railway: station is Jungshahi on the North-Western Railway,
$7 milea distant. At a distence of nbout four miles ts
sitiated fle village of Uderolal, which contains a ahrme
built-by ave‘Seth Manghamal m honour of Uderolal’s passing
ome time there wliile achieving a victory over an oppres
sive ruler of Totta, An annual fair takes place on the Cl oti-
thand ond is attended by about 400 persons.
caxtine en 19° north latitude, 08° 7" east longitude)
hav teen the ‘headquarter station
| of Shahbandar Talnka since December
1892 and 1 has a population of 616, It contains 4 Mulh-
tyarkar’s Office, District Bungalow, Police Station, Dispe
sary, masafirkhena, Vernacular School and Post Office,
The nearest railway station i Jingshalii tm the North:
Western Railway, 42 miles distant, <A fair ix held at the
tomb of a saint at Shah Yakik, two miles distant
Ladin. Tt begins on the firat Sunday im the month of Chet,
Which corresponds to Murch and April, and laste for 3 or 4
days. The total attendanve isabout fifteen thousand persons.
and silver articles, wearmg apparel, silk, ivory, metal
< veesols, fancy articlea, aweetmeats and mat fruit are aold there
find the calea amount to-about 20,000 rupees, The manso-
_ ‘Team at Shah Yakik contams two tomba plastered with lime
to Ghungani, 5 miles south-east of the mouth of tei Battah
. Wah, is a conical hill crowned by the shrine of Aban: Shsh,
ot whom little or nothing is known. This hill and a few
smaller adjacent elevations corftitute the only pieces of
‘ rising ground i in the Shahbandar Division. They are evidently
7 an onterop of the hills an the Tatta side of the river.
y ener renee OLE renee Sot Yeliow sph, .
Aheribandar or Biri lar,* aa if is always called
i - ald writers, was one of the princi
i ports on Indus as pen Pec
rye na itolens tani pah of that river,
saya (10 oe kis cebacurasek
bf the Mogae dosiieiih on my he wet
Larribrirs foie Gen Mart which stands about 5 or
“GB ® fin ender (ibe Tonk of the Lac] wes very qrobably Whe crigioal pronmactation.
withont inscriptions. On tha rond a from Ladino.
FLACES OF INTEREST.
Bteaguee from the gea, ona branch of the river rainzihy
to receive of 200 tons. Doedgieedings hee nt
400 houses, built of ercolred stinks and mid; butit hin
stane fort vith four or five | t gnns mounted nit to
tot the merchandise brou thither from the mittee
the Batlowshie and Mackrans that eos hem to the wos
ward and the Jima to the ity who, b oar?
are mich given to thieving and they rob all sca they are
able to master.” Merchandise wae sent from Lasri
» Tabta, which, nocording to Captain He aition, wan about
: ie oxen and horses. When
Mr, Crowe represent y elie |
eae the 18th century, tis factories was at Labori-
bandur- win 1981, when jae Burnes } wseod up the
Tndys, the Baghat channel had been tesa tod “toe thine
Th aul the trade had gone to Shahbander anil Vikar
iGhorabari), A little further op the river (Thornton siya
2 mile) was fhe town of Dharaja of Dharaji,s much more
important place than Lahoribantar, which was, m all Be
bability, merdly a landing place far Dharaja ob:
times. The Runa of Dharajn was adeassima ted at the
instigation. of Ghulom Shah Kalhora who then sew
his dominions (see “A Volume, page 111). The ruins now
pointed ottt a those of Lahoribandar are witttated in level
countess, on a small creek which jnins the Wango and the
Raho, and-appears to be regularly aubmerged at spring
Fides. Little ts left now, but monnda of bricks, with traces
of steme buildings here and there anil the ruins of a bri
mosque.
On the west, nbout s quarter of a mile distant, isa fort
entirely of at oe bales ann ag the very one
The five feet thick,
i arty a height ot {4 fect, The fort is
360 feet aquare 4 appears to have had 14 bastions. A
mile west of it i# @ shrine ef one Ralushah, much visited. by
Juts and Muhanas,
Lakh * 4 elites af the Maaihane Mahal of the - Kotri
Taluka and the extreme narth
aaa af the disteiet, ja sonted clase
to the weet bunk of the Tndwe and immediately below
the Laki hills, which here rise to « considerable elevation.
=
q |
Bi Lk
=
—
—
—
a =
“-
on KARACHI OSTHICT,
Tt hes -o tailway station of its own name and contains
a musafirkhana, ‘Vernacular School and Post, Office, The
town is situnted om the main road leading from Kotn
to Sehwan. A branch road leads to the hot springs of
Dhara Tirth, distant bout 2 miles, the water of which,
like that of Mongho Pir, is considered highly efficacious
for the cure of eatenseus and other diseases. Unlike
that of Mangho Pir, it has a strong smell of sulphuretted
hydrogen, « saline and bitter taste ond alkaline reaction,
On onalysis: it has been found to contain about 7,050 parta
of solid matter (dried at 100" ¢.) per million, the acon pre~
sont bemg olitefly magnesmmm snd sodmm, aa sulphides,
chlorides, sulpliates and carbonates. As a Ren, gnc
ita moet characteristic properties may be considered to bo
due to the presence of sulphides of magnesnim and sodium.
The sarroundings of the atic have in the last tew years
heer much Improved for the conventence of those naing them.
Manjhand (25° 55’ north latitude, 65° 17° east longi-
siscshand tude) is the headquarter station of
ak talc the mahal, [t is « muntitpal town
having « population of 2,838 and contains a Deputy
Callectar’s Bungalow, Mahallari's eae, Police Station,
Post Office, Vernacular School and musafirkhana. It
stands on the high road from Kot to Sehwan and
hes a station on oie North-Western Railway a mile
distant, There is a tomb of Shah Awes near Manjhand
whith is: visited by a considerable number of people.
Allusion to the perrnle Salt Lo ee been
Manrypus made in Chapter 9 of the “A” Volume,
. — They are sittiated j in the Moach plain,
about oeven miles west of Karachi, where strong brine,
amounting almost} to «a sstursted solution of nearly pure
ore of sodinin, may be found in many - places,” L
12 fuut aioe terete Mr. Maury, the officer of the
Botubay Salt Department, who was depute "to Sind in 1878
=, to orgenize the wotks, and after whom they are named,
el Cage gear found om the plum, and
"ld them ont on % compa al and admirably uty
prote : a Abe Rentini pm fig weTe com]
paket cent ae iyslona ed 1907, Other wines above
“The works were started with 39, pans. This nine
Lin heen increused from time to time und there ete now
40 pipene pass the permane b, Saesraaieseree but abvatct
100 temporary pala have ooh been-cpened outside the
sbi nkment, with a view to merease os outpat, whieh
ainomited in the calendar year 1917 fo dive and # half
lakha of moiinds eomparod with one lakh mila: wind
1879, It is imtended to include the t pans mm.
the permanent works ani to extend the embankmert. for
the yorpose. Brine is lifted from shallow wells im lnickels
aumpeniied from the longer end of a lever of bamboo can-
struction, the shorter end of which in weighted with a
hankeb of stones ‘Tho brine is ron imto slialliny ‘beds,
26 feet square anil 0 mehes dloe . The surface of the keds
ia plastered with a peculiar kind of clay found in the neigh-
honrhesd, which is beaten {OWN and allowed tr herden,
forming oi iinpervious medium through which water canmit
pega The heat of the sun evaporates the brine in,
the : wl causes the salt in the water first to form,
aie) peal oe and then as the residue increases in grav ity
mf aink to the hottom of the in fine orystols, ‘The
ail) is serapod together with boot less rukes and then washed
by the busketinl im brine, the amount of washimg depentl-
mg of the degree of whiteness required. The liniahidd
product is leaped by the mannfactnrera on drymg plat-
_torme wlonyside the pan where it is allowed to dry for a
siesta the centre if the warhes. | is a wide et wile
worves two purposes. It prevents the: surreptitious renioval
of alt, and it sasists’ in fooding the brine ooo walla inty which
the water from the trench percolates, The saline eirength
a the water m the 2 ar ere ans ane salt
the mnt conamqucntiy turn out tar quantitins t
that: others, Another cause of variations in proluction ia
the cold winds in winter which reduce the outhin and caliae
the crystaly sometimes to assume a pecoliar neodlinlike
formation with u considerable fenweguiibton of mingmeste.
ua thhi—t
v Fe alt li
OR KARACHI DISTHICT.
Tt is popularly asserted that the wmd causes the formations,
To u certain extent it may be so, as the magnesia " sum,”
or needles us they are called, generally occur in the cold
wenther. But their formation can be practically stopped
by # careful manufacturer.
A series of 20 ar 24 of the ‘ beda "referred to above
constitute a “ pan" which is the unit af the sibdivision for
administrative purposes. Eack pan has its own wolls ancl
drynge platform and is held by a manufacturer (or Lunar)
on a yearly license subject to good behaviour and an tia
inctory work.
Pans are allotted by the Superimtendent free of charge,
and when the holder dies, his holdmg usually is continned
to his family ; hut bad conduct may entail expulsion.
‘Ono Lunari may hold several si working them with
a ee of hia family or servatits. Pans are held prmcipally
by Makranis, Baluchis, Pardesis, Vanis and Zikria, the last
predominating The Tamaris with thei fayiilies are accom
modated ina village not far from the works. The population
of the village is estimated at about 1,200,
‘Upto the time of the crop of each bed being taken im
by the Superintendent of the works on behalf af Government
the salt is the property of the * Lunars.” On the Super-
intencont passing it, a6 clean, dry, and switeble for human con-
srmption it is carried and stored after weighment on plat-
forms, m conical heaps (thatched with mate t preserve the
commodity from ¢limatic deteriogation) of 25 to 50 thousand.
mands. The plutiorms are so located ua to be generally
convenient for storage to the contractors, wlio are pald-at —
the rate af Ra. 2-1-4 per 100 matmils for the work af atorage.
and nine pies per maund. A special rate of twa ammaa per
masind is paid for sult of superiar whiteness,
‘Tie husines# of removing sult fram Meurypur to the
‘central market ut Karachi had gradually fallen into the hands
of a ting of merchante whe divided amongst themselves:
™
'
the work of transport and were able to keep the cost of camel
and boat transport down te a low figure. So long as the
publie seoured the advantage of low rates the arrange
wit ‘nobjectionsble. But in recent years the merchants
PLACES OF [YTEREST. oo
soncpolized the means of transport and a ring forced up
prices. In order to break down the operations of thoring,
and to make salt readily available to the publie st a low cost,
& Government Depot was established m Karachi im 1014
for the snl¢ of salt, and this depot has served its purpose.
The Maurypur Salt Works supply the greater part of
Sind, part of the supply being teu ad jai a depot at Sukkur,
and‘ part fromthe new Karachi Depot, The territory of
His Highness the Mir of Khairpor also draws its supply
from these works. Salt of the Karachi and Sukkur Depots
is transported m bond through the medinm of # contractor
whose services are also utilized for the carriago of sult to
Kheirpur. The transport contractor is free to remove salt,
Karachi by the land route or by sea. He ia paid 20 puta
per maund for transport df sult to the Karachi Depot and
18 pies mound for transport to the Karachi Bandar
Station for despatch to the other two destinations. In
pecial cases salt is also issued direct from the work, The
charges amount to Re, 1-8-1 per maund, and meclide cost
price, duty, storage and eatublishment charges.
One of the chief problema Sento the Salt Depart-
ment im Sind is to moerease the outturn of salt ot Mourvpur
to the In ne owes extent, Ibs p i to extend the
works, and at the same time to improve the conditions under
which the Lamaris work and provide an adequate supply of
fresh water for the village.
The Superintendent, Inspector, clerical staff and guard
pcos all live at the works im mildings provided for them hy
fovernment.
Mirpur Bathory (24° 44° north Intitude, 08° 18° east
Ss Jongitude) is the headquarter ‘station
= mM the “yaar oof that mae sae ae
4 ulation of 2497. It powesses o Mukhtyarkara
Office Pohli¢ Works Department Inspection Bungalow.
Les gon Post Offer, Vernacular School, Poltie Station
safivkhone. Tt ad o Municipality but that
vos abolished In 1895, The nesresf railway station
is Jungehalil, 47 miles distant. Tt had a name for ihe print-
ing of cotton Cloth, hut the industry ie dyimg out. Lacquer
mak is aleo done in the town. « There iv a large fonk in the
atre of the town, the water of which is used for drmking
=
-jaithe tomb of Haji
Ae ily
ithe mic
100 KARACHI ISISTRICT.
nurpased, This town wil the surrounding country belonged
Fate the British conquest to Mir Sher Muhammad of
Mirpur, and Burnes stutee that it yielded a revere ot 5 lakhe
of ruyhes.
Mirpur Sakro (24 83’ north latitude, 67" 40° east lengt-
a tude) is the headquarter station of the
—_— tuluka and has a population of 1,720.
The neareat railway station is Dabheji, at a _distancy
ot 29 miles. It contains a Miakkniassea ae Pulslic
Works Department bospection Bungaiow, Pot « Bhatia,
Vernacular School, Dispensary, Post Office and musafir-
kiana. At a distanee of 10 miles to the north-east af
Mirpur Sakro, and about 2 miles from Gujo, ia situate! the
tomb of Sheikh Haji Tarabi. tt is plamly visible from
Girjo, which is only 8 miles from Jungshahi. It is « hnmble
old building, measuring 1$ feet each way and undecoratetl,
lit derives interest from the confident statement of the
author of the * Tufat-ul-kiram” that if 1 the sin pilace
of ¢ famems Aral general by neem Sheikh Aby Turb, who
captured the fort of Bukkur pnd other places in wester
Sind daring the reign of the Abbaside Khalifa Mansur, for
confirmation of which be appeila to the date TTL on
fhe dome. If there is no fraud hore and 171 i not a
mistake for 771, this must be the oldest histopeal
reoerd of any kind im Smid. According to "ip tonal
‘tradition the Sheikh was 0 samt who lived in the «iny
of an oppressive Hindu Teja by nume Thoma, whom he
fransninted with lin army into a hill. ‘The bill remains ty
this day, The fonibe has Teen repaired occasionally by
6 gdevotews of the gaint, who are said almost to have
obliterated the old. Arabic inscription. A small monthly
Mair #4 held at, the shrine. )
Pir Manglio, or os it is vulgarly called Mugger Peer,
— 10 miles nort “ot Sarai with whieh it
os ik mow comneete with & murtallerd road,
hermit, who ig anid to have been settled there abot
ldle of the thirteenth centary. He waa visited by «
of saints known ay the four frietds, af whom
alondar ef Selwan wit the niest, famens,
barren villey a mare eligihh: residenes
pan een form of te nuine),
a
Ll
PLACHS. OF INTREST, 101
bent | mage bi ebaieny 0 Seas Been ae
‘date palms to spring up from the ground. When
the Pir tied and was buried, his grave became a place of
pilgrimage for pious Muslims from all parte of the oo “tal
‘Bot it is nlao a resort of Hindu devotees, who call tt
Jasrnj. This double character is common among,
ahem me cid Simi : the Musealmoan Lal Shabbas ia the Ff a
Raja. Bhartari ond the Mussalman Khwaja Khizr is the
Hindi Jina Pir,
Mugger Poor in traditionally “a place to see,” the only
oe m tneigh belied if Karachi. Lioutenant Carlese
of the Tvlinst Navy, who was surveying the Bind coast in.
1838, lward of if and made un enterpriaing excursion to it.
A few extraots from his account will give n fair idea of the
place ae it was —
" An hout's ride brought us to the foot Uf the hills, whieh
are about 800 feet high and of coarse sandstone forntiny 3
a eroesed them through sin irregular rocky myvite, haying
every appearance af hemng the bed of a large terreat dur
the rains, and then pursued sur way along several small ve
loys bounded by long nuirrow rilges or detached hills, The
salads ot Pir Mangho is surrounded by hills 700 or 800 feet
high, between which glimpses ure occasionally obtained of
tho jewel aan beyond. An extensive grove of dates and
other frees occupies the centre of the plum and on the
western fide there is another.” The eprmg gules ont
ma smal) steam from among the reota of a picturesque
chinp of date trees covering the extremity of a rocky knoll
of limesteme about 80 feet bivh and fall inte a emoll natural
barin, from whente it sl in numerous Alls to the odje-
ae ae "hs Oy Hees um) portectly pure to tie
| Vint tie percept le flavour of” ary lend, bot, from
pnd daw d risw eucriwted with a soft
milatars of «a dark, medida brown bolour, probably can-
taire a emall portion of iron. Tho water i wo worn Bhuit mt
firat yor can peel bear your hand ir it, amd dts benrpin-
ture was afterwards found to be 123°.* ‘The natives aay 1D
cures avery disease, wel they put orly Lathe ini it whenever:
|VhM teveqerstuye be ihr mh wn enies at thn sirine fe ahent hivnd.
Phere je tus trece of om teed Seer) medioe |
so Mad eaidiamny Stkdeh wece focal ta, aement
to tM parte is |
Li KRaARACH? DISTRICT,
they have nu opportunity, Lut drink itim large quar tities,””
“ After everything worthy of notice about the Kusti april g
had beer examined, we mounted onr horses and proceeded to
the temple o@ the western side of the valley, Its surrounded
bya thick grove, and after emerging from the narrow path
imt jeads to it we came -sudderly upor one of the most
singular scenes | ever witnessed. Before ws lay a small
swamp er closed in a belt of lofty trees, whieh had evilently
been Soemid by the superfluous waters of a spring close by
flowing into « low hollow in the ground. Tt was mot o sinule
sheet of water, but was full of small lets, so much so that
it appeared aa if ar immense number of narrow cliannela
had been cut so as to cross each other ir every direction.
These channels were literally swarming with large alligators,
und the islets nod banks were thickly covered with them
also. ‘The swamp is rot more than 150 yards long by about
80 vards broad, and im this confined space [ counted above
200 large ones; from $ to 15 feet long, while tuode of a puunller
size were inmwmerablo, The appearance of the place alto-
yothor, with its green, slimy, stagnant waters, and ro many
of these huge, uncouth monsters moving slugglishly about,
is disgusting in the extreme amd will long be remonibered
by me wa the most loathesome spot 1 ever beheld. After
ving upon the scene some time we proceeded round the »
mwamp to the temple, where the priests had real ——
for the purty under the shade of some trees. They told mo
it waa u curious sight to see the alligators fed aad that people
if yank plwoyva gave thom a goat for that purpose Taking
the Lint I immediately ordered one to be killed for their
entertaimment. The animal was rig = Pos on the edge
of the swamp, and immedistely the blood began to flow,
the water became perfectly alive with the brutes, all hasten-
ing from different parts towards the spot. When the meat
was thrown among them it proved the’ signal for a general
battle : several seized hold of a piece at the same time ari
bit and struguled and rolled over each other until almost
sreaeees with the desperate efforts they made to carry
* The mosqu que is a neat, wliite building of a square form,
rane ee tm tT datos; with a cule ka fest
minureta ab the corners, erected on the summit of a rocky
- -
r
#
crag of limestone wid edid to be 2,000 yours old. ‘The mte-
rior of the mosque contains 4 tomb surmounted by a caso
of carved anierets awpported on slender pillars, the whole
protiily anit neatly ornamented and kept m excellent order
as are the building and terrace, which ure built of stone.
On the site of the rock locking towards the allgaters pool
the perpendicular fave of the elifi ia wovered with & ooatl
of wmooth chunum, and from the lower part the pri aval
are nee forth through a smell fissure. Tho water 7
T fi | nig Ve 1]
eived into two Anull reservoirs und then escapes through
several outlets to the swamp below, In one of thom was &
large alligator, with about a dozen young ones, which the
inhubitants have nase the Teaoock (or Mor) and they con-
sider hit to be the progenitor of the whole race. The water
af this apring ix perfectly freth und slightly warm, bub at
another, a few yards from it, it ts quite cold.”
Since that timo the plire has been, as Sir Kh. Burton
complained in 1876, * sadly civilized and vulgarizel by
Cocknoy modern improvements." ‘The number of crocadilies
in greatly reduced and the size too, # old reports are true.
‘They have beon confined, moreover, by a wall, in ammall
and dirty tank, where they present a squalid and uninterest-
ing spectacle. Tombs, adorned with the poorest description
‘of glazed tiles and not kept in repair, given ahihby lobk ta
the environment of the shrme. ‘The nvost interesting object
ia on kandi tree, hong with small calico bags containing the
hair of mionts.
(ne wbject of peculiar interest ab this. place has nob
al dais received much attention and none at
ee all from Sir R. Burton: Lookmg tront
from the verandah of the bungalow two tombe are seen hy
themselves on a Tow eminence at a distance of lees than half
a mile, whieh are altogether different from those im otlier
parts of the valley, They are constructed of slabs of very
rd limestone, delicately and beautifully sculptured ina
great variety of designs, und then put t ther over tie:
rave without cement, Tho larger of the two hae ow
Seca roof, on stone Pillars, aud appears to have contamed
four graves; bui the dome is in Bo Tuihous condition wd
the graves have fallen in. The other m an open platform:
with two tombs on it, the figures carved on which seem: to
fe
-
Police Station, musafirdhana, Pes
Tis KATACH DrIstAlor.
indicnte that they cover bh romana of womens The
hol atery te that the prinerpal tomb oontaina the hed
of one Sanlar Khan, chief of the Durfiti trie, who was
Killed ino battle agamat the Jukhina it Allah Bans, about
i wiles from Pir Mangho. There i on whion on this
tomb, containmg hs sages fromthe “ Koran,” but ne infor-
mutiim exeept the plain date 913. This gives the year
AD. 1506, at which period the Samas were ruling m Si
Sinilir tombs are said to be found further on among the
hills and there i¢ « low ridge visible from the municipal
witer-works bungalow at Malir, covered with them. Some
Beate Fuiious, some in good condition, with the | delicate
aig ahurp and clear, showing the hardness of the stone
one whic hich they were made. They have all the same: ip
as those at ‘Pit Mangho, but hear no inscription ¢
i sone tuses, 7 ¢ fume, offen that of 4 woman,
Tice of the Jokhiag tives in the neighbourhood, snd his
ple seem ta have ed the same trulition as to
heir origin, The Buriatis, or Bullutis, are a asub-tribe al
the Numrias, the most powerful tribe’ in Las Belu aml the
Kohistan, ancl it is more than likely thiat they hod many
struggles with the Jokhias befote the latter established
themselves in Malir and the Delta ; but onless ther women
were Amazons, the popular story docs hot accotnt for the
male graves.
A charitable refuge for lepers, known as the “Hira-
and Leper Asylum i< maintaine’l by private benevolince
on the cutekirte of the village at Pir “Mangho,
Mughulbhin® si baby poche sates ga 19" east
cngirn 6), a town am the ban
musta. of the Gungro, with a population af
1,720, is the wig shes atution of the Jati Taluka. It
contains. Pulilio W orlat Department in oie Banger Lew’,
mils
Ata A road ane from Mughalbhin te
Lakhpat w ol hi frequented Lira, rag
rene iy Naraiiaic ond Divetlor ‘The nenrest mila’ station ie
ié Jungshahi, 52 miles distant. — AMughulbm possesaed
sipality, which was abolished in 1876. ‘This
Tile wens bare tee quia recently eorrupted vin Mughar title or
“
PLACES. OF INTEREST. | 4106
to owe Ha name to Bhin aliad Shekh Salamot, a chief af
the Kureshi ‘tribe, wand Maghal (or i eg f) hia bem, »
who were killed resisting the Hindn km Halar, whe
attacked thom owing to their refusal to hand over to him
a Saiyid charged with the moder of the king's sen. Over
their bodies tombs were erected by an unknown disoiple
and adjommg these there ia a heautiful and well painted
woaque. There are besides two other tarnles, whieh cu
tain the hodies of a grandson of Bhin and, kis grandfather”
Niblio. The buildings are of the conventional tyne, rules
*ofl common brick ait laster, with no features af wrohitec
tural distinotion. Both the sainte Mughar and Bhin are
r performed tiny mincles, A large
black stone weighing 120 Ibs, lies before the chief tomb, with
a groove made on it by the thimb of the saimt’s brother Umar.
Phe story ja that, at the sight of this stone in the hands af
Umar,-« thief restored stolen props: The stone le revered
greatly, Women fo antl emg beside it almost rey —
and sick men tench if m the hope af leing cured. The
followers of these saints are megtly Jats. An annul fair te
held on the 24rd of the Hindu month Phagun atil laste for
about 6 days, On the first duy takes place the achh cere-
mony, which consists of white-wadhing the tombe > the pte ee
of neighbourhood bri all the milk in their hevriew
and mix it with the lime for white-wauhing. On the fifth
day from the commencement comes the par ceremony
which consists of removing ull the par (the coverings of the
tombs), washing them in the Gungro, drying them ond
ting them on agam. The average number al per
attending the fnir is. about 10,000 and goods af all sorte are
sold a the estimated valite of Ra. 20,000, No sale'of ania ls
takes place, as is customary at other largo fates,
Ato (distance of 3 miles north-east from Maghulbhim are
the remutins of what aia eg to have: been o fort, called
Nundkat, “the fort of Nand
rich. Buried treamte i supposed by the inlabrtants to
exiat lieve.
Pir Patho & @ Ateareid-speals which, adoortling bo Capitan
pany Wood (S41), was econl only in
iota sanctity to the dhrine of Lil Shuhhue
x 1iS—Ii
: nd.” Nand. Raja i believed to
hare flowrialieal before Lies Kalhoras nut to have hres very
Low KANACHT DieTRict,
‘1 Selowau, The situation is a cliff separated from thie
southern extremity of the Makli hilla by tho chennel of
the Baghar and lying about 125 miles south of Tattu.
The rou of a great mosque tdgah and mnar afford
evidence of the fornier existence of a large town at the base
of the hill; but the object of veneration is the comspiouops
white tomb, crownmg » height and visible from afar, of a
holy man whom Mussalmans call Pir Patho al Hrulus call
Raja Gopichand, He im said to have been born in A, EH 500
ant to have been a cotitemporary of the Persian poot Saad,
which may be true of the Pr. The Hindu, whose shrine le
warped, probably lived many centuries before, In the
fime of the Talpure atores of grain and g/t were kept at the
slirme and pilgrims were fed out the expense of the local
yovornir. dinee those days the celebrity of the place has
iineh declined, but hundreds of Kachhis still fock to the
ays! fir held there from the 11th to the 14th of the Maho
median month Rabi-al-ofal, There is -& Public Works
Inspection Bungalow and also a muesefirkhane.
Riani-ki-kot @ the note of the _ a 7 FF # miles
| from the town ol Bunn. lt 13 thus
—— described. by Captain Del-Hoste, of the
Bombay Anny, whe m 1889 wus Assistant (uarter-Master
General of the northern division of the urmy >“ Rant-ka-
kobawas built hy Mir Karam Ali Talpur amd lin brother Mir
Murad Ali, about.A. D, 1812, cost 12,00,000 rupeus and hn
never heen inhabited, im consequence of there hemy a se
of water inand newrit. That so large a fort should have been
coustructed without its having been aertumed beforehand
that an article so indispensalily requisite, not only for the
use of man, bit even for ithe construction of the walls,
was wanting, seen nrvost extraordinary, but T am told that
this was the reas for ita havmg been abandoned. A rapid
stream inthe rayne Tus past it and joms the Indu, ancl, by
a deviation trom: ite course, ris af the walls of this fort
have buen destroyed. ‘The object of its canstruction seems
to have been to afford a place of refuge to the: Mirs in cxse
of their coontry being invaded.” At present the Bann river,
or-as it ie there called the Rani Nai, rns Hiough the fort,
and it is stated that there i# now no scarcity df water what-
ever. | i
Harhi (Meri), an ancient town in the Jatt Toluka, somo
“ry 16 miles north-east of Mughulliin, was
a flourishing centre of trade 100 years
peek
ago. ‘Tho tradition of tis fact ia kept up in pilirase still
current, “Are you a Shahulkar of Karki | "is & question
asked ironically of a man who ls throwing lis money about.
All that i left of Rarhi is a few domed tombs (the largest
* bemg that of Khoja saint, Nur Shali) and the marks of the
foundations of & considerable villoge iy the midst of a bare
desert. Dr. Burnes, in his “ Visit to the Court of Seine,”
about 1828, numtions tlhe ene of the village aa having
declined to 500 of less, The doclime was evilently due bo
the main channeli of irrigation in thot direction having
Shahbandur isn village im tho Shohlwutor Tulaku. ft
a im the Indus Delta and was formerly
— on the east benk of the channel, which
discharged ite waters into tho sea by the Mal mouth . At
fit is 10 miles distant from the mearest point af the
ndus. It is anid to have heen fouled m 1750 A. De by
Ghulow Shah Kolhora, who ondered all the reskdenta of
Aurangn to move to it. The Rnglwh factory at Aurangs
Bandur wos ineinded m this tronsfer, anil it is rererded that,
previous to thi dissolition of the tnctory in 1775, it supplied
4 considerable establishment for the navigation of the river,
consisting of 14 small vessels, cach of abunt 40 tons burthen.
The ruler of Sind hind w fleet of 15 ships stationed at Shiah-
landar.. 1¢ would seem that the earthquake of 1819 caweed
urent alterations In the lower part of the Indus amd brought
about the decay of the town by withdrawing the current
from the bra maf li on which it atocl. So it dwindled away.
qnto obscurity and has.no trade tor mianulacture af any kind
whatever. It is-n colony of Cutchi Bhatia, a few of whor
still trade with Muscat and. other parts, domg them business
at Kerachi or Keti Bandar, but keeping thetr homes anil
milies ot Shahbendar, it was formerly the ae
town of the taluka, but theer were removed t& Laciua in
1 BOD.
Sirgands, or Sunde Bundar, so called from the pett
Sic village of Sundo, four miles sen
ane Moghulblim, gete ony importance it
is -
1GR KABACHT DIRTHIGT,
has fran ling the furthest: point to which boats have been
ablé to agwend tie Sir creek Hinee the Pinvari river silted 1p
or the Mire dammed it, i that account of the matter he trie,
fi ik in fet the grain port of Moghulbhin and the dati
Tolikn. Et i nof mentioned by any of the officers who
aurveyed the Delta bhelore the British neoupation of Simi,
but ite toads ia molided in the earliest extant reports ot the
Collector of Custotns at Karachi, aid it continmes to. the
present day to carry on a oomiderble trafic with Karachi,
and the coast ports. ‘The value of the imports and exports
darmg the last five years is shown below :—
Tinporte,
1 hk | Tat
—— | rue
| . | : _
S| Ohba Deeb
= i ! - = i i
al
Ms. :
Fatae | 1aTao0 | Lt0,TK
| adapt | Shiam | sc6am | merit
i” | Exports,
= itr te | erty | dniaas, | inidda, | d0ladG,
ie a a bad
— i A eM
——
fia, He.
on ATE aie ie
Trsecury -a| = =
Hider _,) 8,10 | 00, be)!
fla, ke | Te
aed) | \oatky | es disad
aida | «peu? | aadao
The hoparts consist af manufactured unl riaoathaneriien
5 entimmellitie, the exports mainly af rice, muyel of which yroes
SI ta Cutel. | -
The duty collected on thia during the last five your &
ahown below —
Tes wisi. | HAAN. Ww). 107 1.
23744 mo, 4h 18 4 YT ee)
There is comidermble passenger troffio also when labour
from Cuteh como m to reap the rice horvest and return
Paik hema ulter it: There ie n substantial Custom House,
od by the. warehonses: of the merchants, There
Pee |
havaiti
5 lately about the oreck having |
;
3
3
=!
Sito rai soekert eaten sees ouly the smallest oraft conld
to the Custom House, This was partly due to the
fmiolaice of He beatmen themselves, who preferred to
heave aah ballast into the stream rather than tal the
trouble ta pit it saheme shut more-perhape:-to the ont
down of jungle whieh hid seted a4 » screen against
hci An-witempt was ‘yc With some success aome years
to peour the o by ope Cpe the sluices of the
7OAgro canal wt the ebb of the tide.
Snjawal (26° 30" pi latitude, 68° 7° east
Salant a the headquarters of Sujawal ‘uke
t contains population of 1,003.
Here the Asatstant Collector has » residence, and here are
sitimatedl a ~ Mukhty wrkar's Office, Teesidunt Magistrate's
(ont Hoste, Veterinary: VN Wwnear Ofhee and |
Vernacular School, It m4 mules eget of Ht Said ae
forry , which) conmects 1) with the ofher anle of the river, nnd
4 Ke tiles distant from the neartat rnuilway station, Jung-
BPLIL a
‘Tatin, or Nongar 1 ‘atta (24° 40° north fanitude;
el a7” 6’ east longitude), the headl-
7 yuurters of the ‘Tatts Tila a ia HO mildew
cast-off Karachi and 13 miles idiwtant from the Junoshahi
Station of the North-Western [tnitway with which. 1 ta eeri-
netted by n metulled road, ‘Two milee trom ‘Tatta. where
the rood crosses the Maki bil, there are a Travellers’
Bungalow and a Distrot Bungalow,
The date af the foundetion of Tatta is unknown, but
i. i oortam that a town hus: mxisted on the site -for many
ocnturies. An long an the Mokli lille stom! at the apex of
ihe Del thint PENN Pe coamed, 140 Years ago by
the niting up of thech whithtatow tho Kalri cina}—
ile situation woe so obviously snited to a commercial tawn
that it never could have ea long moccapied | hut Doth
the mite wid the mare a the town hve probably’ charged
many bnws, od sach changes con weldom. by trom wath
exactness becuase the new rokine dows not. at one teplany the
. wld. For matanes, (ion is spoken of aw the capitn ‘ot fore
Judia, bot. the town which teroferted tet some files
foun thecriger! Goa and its proper nome t Panjim, or Nove
— =
i t=".
-
oo ior,
.
110 KARACHI DISTRICT.
Goa. .Eatly writers supposed Tatta to have been Alex-
ander's Patala, but that seems to be out of the question. Tt
has also bean identified with Debal, the great Hindu town
which was first attacked by the Arabs under Muhammad
Kasim, a theory discredited by Major-General Haig, but
ypported in. a measure by Mr. H, Cousens, on account of the
evidence of the ancient existence of a great Hindu temple
on the Mukti hill, the materials of which have been employed
in the older Muasalman tombs. The Sama kings, who came
ito power in the middle of the 14th century, called their
capital Samui, but it was only three miles of the present
site of Tatta, to which the population may have transferred
itself gradually until the Jam Nizam-ud-din, by some official
comition of thea new settlement, gained the credit of
having founded the city of Tatta about the end of the 16th
century (see History, Volume A, page 100). The city bas
moved a good deal in much more recent times, creeping
after the retreating tiver by a proceas of growth on the east
and decay on the west. 1) has also been seeked or burned
three times—tiret by Shah ae ghun in 1621, then by a
Portuguese force in 1556, and lastly by its own ruler, Murea
Jani Beg, when he was resisting Akbar’s forces in 159).
Nevartheless it continued to be the capital of south Sind
nti! the building of Hyderabad in 1768 and rose to great
splendemt. Captam Alexander Hamilton, who saw it
in 1000, thus writes of it: "Tatta is the emporium
of the Province, a very lurge and sich city. It m
tree miles long and one and a half broad, and ts aboot
40 miles from Larrvbunder (Lohori) and has a large
citadel at ite west end capable to lodge 60,000 men and
horse, and hos barracks and stables convenient for them and
with a palace built in it for the Nebo " "'Tatta stande
about two miles from the river Indus, in a. spacious plain,
and they have canals out from the river to bring water to
the city, and some for the une of their gardens.. The King’s
gardena werr in pretty condition in Anno Domini 1009 andl
were well storod with excellent fruity and flawers, partion-
larly the mast delicions pr tes that ever I tasted.”
he oe : "The a of Tatta i oe fur Scio
theology, philosephy and potitics, and they have 460 college
fiw, trials up youths in those parts of learning.” Tatta
hod at one time n Inerative trade with the Porwagnese, and
PLACES OF INTERRGT, itt
from the followmg passage stitsennn Cie, east Taian casariee
must have got-a eaten thor: and lost it:—* The Portuguese
“had former: a Church at the east end of the city. The
house still entire und in the vestry are some old pictures
of saints and some holy vestmenta, which they desired to
sell; but Twas no merchant for soch burgame.” There
had) been a drought for the previous three years,
which “cansed a severe plague to affect the town. ical ci
yt be counbry to such a degree that, m the ait
80,000 died of it, that mumfactured cotton and ai
above one-half of the city wna deserted and left pada
This was the time when Surst and all (injarat suffered so
severely from the plague.
After the rise of the Kalhoras the deeay of Tatta was
very rapid. Henry Pottinger, who passed through it in
1509, writen: “ We rode a long way alter we got pe
rums, before we came to the habitable part, of the cit
In 183) Alexunder Binrnes described it thna: “It does sn
contam a population of 15,000 semis, and of the honses seat-
* tered about ite rome oapanalt are destitute of inhabitunta.
Of the weavers of * loony "for which this piace wae so
famous, 125 fnmilies 9 y remain. There are not fort:
item the city.” “Byen the heaps of rums whic
thon writetw mention have largely disappeared since by the
potion of wind and Water, or the overgrowth of vegetation:
The Tatta of te lay 3 ia o town of 11,161 mhabitants, with
natrow streets, hut not very dirty as towns goin Sind. The
liouses are two and three storeys high, but all of wattle and
nittd plaster, Stone has never heen tsed in domestic architee-
ture in this town, The public buildings are the Steele Hall,
rhage ohbe Office, Police Station, Dispensary, Post anv
clegraph Ollie, Reading Roem and Library, A
Vernactla: School and mussfekhana,. The factory 0 of the }
Indian Company, which hed a trading station here from 1758
till 1775, was used at the time of the conquest and long after
nasa travellers’ lnmgalow, of officers’ quarters, but it fell into
ruts and wae averbuilt nearly forty years ago. A lange
on the opporite side of the street, which i said to huve
part of th e Compiny # premises, hae an ld and mitssive
worden gate ind an entrance of rough stone pavement, A
curioye monirin! of early Englinh enterprise in this quarter
Ve KARACHI DISTRICT.
of the world © the grave of Edward Coole, whieh lies
160 yards from the Distriot Bungalow. [t bers the follow-
ing inacription m deep relief on a élab of yellow stone —
Here lyes the manes of Edward Cooke,
Who was taken out of were world tt the Flower
af his Age, a person 2 ee tort and much
lamented by his Ae fsa learned in Tmny
limguinges, of great humanity, a sound jrdg-
~~ ment and generous disposition, who departed
tliia life on tho Sth of May 1743, Actutia
, sua 21.
As bleoming lillies grace the field,
Bo for a day thoy ehn
Like him to God, ao 0 they yiekl
|
. Their selves, but not their name resign,
:
{
‘To whose memory his servants erected this
| tamb.
- Nothing is known of Edward Cooke, who preceded the
Ejst Indie Company by filteen years. There are graves. |
Wf neat his anil also some in the town, whith are said to lie
-) thowe of Europeans, hut they rdath: beur uo saprrsk emae ce
> nothing i@ known about them. Tutta is distinguished
— among the towns.of Sind for ite unbealtlinies, The juve
lands all round are sibmerged during the frunilis eke alter
whith tmulsria rages in the town. Early trmvellers were
appearance of tlhe inksbitants and the
strick with the éickly
British troopa encamped on the Makli hill in L880
4 leveon which. was long remembered. The 28nd Reginent
lone had 1,576 coves in hospital betwoen Atngist anid,
Simuary’. There are still 1 good many Banias in Tatta,
stigaged in trade, atl its ancient industry, the manufacture
of ail fungts, 18 Curried on still_npon a small scale The
h ia! section of the community by iw the
Saivids, who huve settled here for centuries. The historia
of Sind, Ali Sher Kani, the author af the “ Tuibfmtul-
Kiram,” wit a citizen of Tatta and lived in the middle of
ss the 18th century, The only monuments which survive of
| ‘Os firmer glory of Tatta ure the tombs on the Malti hills
anil the Jama a Majid and ) jid in the town. The
will be conveniently described with the former, as
ty the same time and style,
PLACES OF INTEREST. 113
The Malti hills ore geologically u vary interesting oub-
wouks en ks Roe. TCR? int, alluvial plain, of the
Hulls, ~ ‘groat bed of tertiary rocks whieli have
been diatmguished aa the Rantkot Group
(sea Geology, Volume A, Chapter I), consisting of nom-
miilitic limestone. The range, which starts from Pir Patho,
runs north for about 11 miles, ending due west of Tattw and
scarcely a milo distant from it. Seen from the wost it
acarcely seemia to deserve the name of a hill, but from Tatta
ite aspect is more abrupt. The actual height ia from 80 to
150 feet above sea level. The top is a plateau studded with
3 idling “* cactua™ so-called (#uphorbia
nereifulte ok with pebbles and nodular lamps
of hard, yellow limestone, which are sometimes quite speckled
with little nummulites, These get detaclied and lie on the
ground in «uch quantities that i haa: become a trade to
collect, drill an string them for sale to pilgrims on the way
to Hingla) in Balochistan, They sre called thumra, But
more ioe ts fur than ite geologioal features is the great
necropolis which occupies the northern half of the Maki hill,
The population of this city of the dead has boon estimated,
at one million. 1t is impossible to say when the Maki hill
first began to be a cemetery. [t- was svidently mvestod
from a very early time with mn vagne ancredness, which
aooumiilated ne one Sajyid alter another founda resting place
in it. “The Samoa Jane had ther capital, Sami, just below
thie north end of the hill and, avcordimg to one popular tradi-
tion, Jam Tamachi and the fisherman's dyughter whum he
made hie queen are fail in two old tombs at that end of it; —
With Jam Nindo, or Nizam-nad-din, we cometohistory, There
- is no doubt abont the identity of this tomb, built in 1908
diatinctly Hindu im their character. The Superintendent of
the Archmological Survey is of opinion that a large part of
the material of this tom! kag been taken from some old and
magnificent Hindu temple, and there is a tradition that auch a
temple existed. The Arghuns, whoexpelied Jam. Nindo’s aon,
lived at Suki and were interred at Meoos, but under the
‘Tarkliana, who followed them, Tatta agam became the capital
of lower Sind, and then an era of architectural magnificence
setin, The mausoleum of Mirza Isa, the first Tarkhan roler,
is built entirely of stane, but in that of his son, Muhammad
ae isis
1ll4 KARACHI DISTRICT,
Baki, and all the subsequent tombs of any distinction,
the principal materials are glazed bricks or encaustic tiles.
Of this work Mr. H. Consens, Supermtendent, Archmologival
Survey, Bombay,-aays: “The buildings of the latter class
lhe almost entirely built of brick masonry, the briek-ywork
beg very superior, being made of the best pottery at
fectly formed, dense and having clean, sharp-out edg
ie sare vnglazed, Serie dark red, while others have
witer surfycea enamelled m dark and light bine. mud white.
The jomts between them are excecndingly fine, butan imita-
tira joint in formed on one: side of each brick hy a § inch
strip along its eee bemg sunk and enamelled white, Moat
of the brick baillings have been built of these bricks with
the various coloured faves so disposed as_to form patterns,
every brick being burnt for its own position. en usc
i He inner lining of domes they_ have been -worked in
nigray patterns, in ridiwting divisions and flutings from
apex to springiny Tine, and Jook remarkably well a
quaint. But the finest features in these buildings is
heuntiful glazed tile-work in the shape af panels and dautos.
The lovely soft blending of the colours hue run slightly in
the firing, thus blurring the edges of tho pattern, and the
result of this accident is togive the work a softness anil waxy,
translucent look which is ita chief charm, To my thinking
the effect i# superior to that of European tiles with their
harder and sharper cutlives. A single pattern will often mn
over weveral square varde of surface, each tile consequent
being different from ita neighbour, instead of a single al
sttern from tile to tile. The pigmenté chiefly used are
ee, viz, a rich dark blue, a pearitie or light green
Ne, white, The rata very tratparent poo
| 1B pe ire t depth rivhiness. Now anil
at Tatta is fn Poona a yoline,. but very rarely in the old work.
{hs place ten by bh geil tile or stone, being the
colour right through, and whieh, being a softer and
fabdued tint, harmonizes better with ite jeanne Fe
Ee eieset Vico Wed iave been taken to keep the tombe
in repa andl all th howe detait below, and ales the Jama
PLACES OF INTEREST. 118
Lomb of Mirea Joni Beg and Mirea Ghasi Beg. —
Ja #¢ wns the last independent Tarkan ruler of Tatta.
aiated manfully, but nustrecessfitlly, the general whom
the Rangperoe Aba cont to take possession of Sind
his wubtnission afterwards, he was reinstated as governor f
Tatta. He died in 1509. His son Ghazi Beg suocee
him in his office and was alvo appointed governor, of ‘lis
province of Kandahar, He was murdered im 1611-12 A. D.
and the remains of both father and son were interred in
this tomb in 1613. Tt stands in a courtyard, on na high
plinth, and is itself octagonal, with a domed 1
Hinth. is of stone, but the sup tture ia of glazed ble
beste, fs: tone img with ungluzed brown ones, This
striped pattern W# quaint and ovours nowhere else. The
stone-week exhibits some beautiful carving and in
tions, There ate three tombs inside—two of marble and one
af stone. This is the firet of the imposing edifices which
crown the slope neir to the district bungalow,
8. Tomb of Naiwwah Mirea Isa Torkhan.—This noble-
min, who must not be confounded with his ‘namesake
the first Tarkhan ruler of Tatta, was appomted governor
Bei tii the Emperor Jehangir in 1627 A.D. and
build |
iia tomb, ik! Ba iid, in the aame year. Th
pished in 14. He had heen deputed in in the meantime
on military service to Karnal, whence he is said to have sent
the atemo for the tomb ; bite necording to another acoonnt
it came from Junagad. The tmanscleum- aa a whole is the:
most imposing one on the hill Tt stands m the middie
of an ample courtyard and is itself 70 feet pear In the
tre is th ta containing
wish ries ficagh ie ful ight of the ung Yo he
dome. This i» eae all four aides by pillared
The whole ie built of biut-
ely and exquisitely carved. The
a iter iy covered with carving, which
consists lange al fet fm the Rann Aru Pr
characters. Their ends a aave for the names and
dates. mmecribed on them, tse, with on enclose of
their own, ate the | Doak le oe spur al = mt
imiahable, as top, tut os te
seulptured as shows of the men, ‘The dome is. quite plain
110 BRABACHL DISTRICT,
on the outskle and white, This tomb stands north of the
one last described.
Y'o the east of thia tomb and in front of it ts an enclo-
autre in the same atyle, with a tmgnifivently curved muihrab,
which is said to contain the remains of the zenana of
Nawab Ian Khan; tot one of the graves in it beara the
into 004 G.¢., 1567 A. D.), which would be about 90-years
before the death of the Nawab.. The histery of thia enclo-
gute is mncertain.
3, Tomh of Mirza Tughrul Beg—Tlis ia between the
last two, Not much is known of Tughral Beg, except that
Kalan Kot at one time had the name of Toglirnlabad, from
which we may conjevtare that he wad a cofpmander of some
reputation. His tomb is in rather a ruined condition, but
4. Tomb of Diwan Shrufa Khan.—This offers a contrast
to the last two whitedlomed tombs, for 4 donie is faced
on the outside with the finest red bricks, varied with Ines
of blue-green enamel. Probably the whole was orginally
enanwlied. The whole of the structure is of the same work,
except the foundation and plinth, 11 stands on n platform
ina jarge courtyard, The Diwan, who wie an Arghitn,
held the post of minister to one of the governors of Tatta
appomted from Delhi. His tonib is said 0 have been built
m 1638 A. D., during his lifetime,
5. Tomb of Nawah Amir Khalil Khan —This is said to
have been bnilt at some time between 1472 and 1585 A. D.
The Amir, of whom little ee is known, had such « tender
conscience: that he left directions tut his body should
not be buried inside the mausoleum, which was reserved
for seven holy men. ‘Their sanctity has unfortunately not
unique inscription im white Arabic letters upon s broad band.
of large, deep blue tiles. Time hus dealt more gently with
the humble tomt: of sculptured stone in the courtyard in
which the body of the Anur is laid. | cen
6 Domb of Mirza Isa Torkhan.—This Mirza waa the
_ first Tatkhau ruler of lower Sind and hia tomb is said to have
PLACES OF INTEREST. 7
been built im 1678 A.D. Tt stands, with several smaller
6 ima large equare courtrird, within which there are
fwo mimor courtyards, All are of stone, sculptured, insurihed
am] in some places perforated.
% Lomb of Jam Nizam-ud-lin.—Thim in the oldest df
the tombs on the hill which have any clear historical interest,
having been built in 1508 A.D. Jam Nizam-ud-din wan
the Inst but one of the Sama Jams und an aubuclithenes
riiler, wilike the ass and Saiyids who aftery
covered the hill with their menorials. His tomb is a. square
bnildmg, without rool, built entirely of stone; the earving
on which, i has already been said, affords strone grounds
for mierring that the materials of come ruined Minda lonple
ave been freely used, omitting, or obliterating, idolatroia
emblems. Two contiguous stones in the wall are sometines
of different breadths-ond contain dissimilar patterns, A
staircase through the-side wall leads to narrow baleony
and' portico decidedly Hindu in their character. Numeroya
mmaier Intildings round about, in a more ot loss ruined
condition, exhibit stil more distinct traces of Hindi origin.
An adjacent tomb, evidently of more receit date, i decis
tated internally with glazed tiles.
_ 8, To the north of the lagt aut on the other side af a
valley & the large anid conspicnous tomb of Saiyid Ali Shirazi,
built of Trick, with a lorwe and two small thited domes, alf
plastered and while-washed. There are eeriptions on geome
of the tombe within the enchwnre, bit none on the Satyid's,
Thit venerated man waa chosen to carry the offerings of the
people of Tatia to the arppene Miiaynn at}Umaorket (see
age 104), Hedielin A. D. 1572 and his tomb is said to
lave been built by disciple of the Jokhia tribe.
Joma Masjid.—This tealy magnificent mosqun, . which
xeon is still In use, Ie in the town of
a Patta. Te was, nocording to the loou)
histories, a pft from the Emperor Shah Johan inrecogniti
of the hospitality of the town, in which he sought refuge far
some time when m rebellion agamst hia father. If was
begun in. 1644 and fintshed mm tWH47, but tho floor was not
laid till eleven years after. It is eaid to have cost 0 lakhs
of rupees. If ia built m the form of # caravanserai, a great
t enclosed by a corridor of ninety domed compartments,
ss
wy
is quite plain and white-washed, but
foe the whole edifice was in terrible
118 RARACH DISTHICT,
exclusive al the masjid proper in the muddle of one side
and its counterpart opposite. It measures 315 by 190 fect
and covers 6,316 aquare yards of ground. The exterior
| whole interior, from
the ground level to the centre of the highest dome, is covered
with the most amaxing variety of beautiful patterns worked
out in coloured tiles. Many of the small domes along
sides tire not ay covered now, but Ris daatepeee were orginal
Sir Bartle Frere m 1855, it waa save yy subscriptic
Government contriluting Ra. 5,000. “Tn 1944 ete | aun
of Rs, 20,500 waa rated by the same means aml apent in
airing the denuded faces of the walls with tiles made in
iota aud Multan. These do nit harmonize well with the
ald, but happily it was the dado chiefly that needed repair,
where the patterns are comparatively simple. Higher up
the designs are not printed om square or hexagonal tiles,
as they are in the tombs on the ! akli Lill, but worked
out in mosaic with miiute tiles of different ‘colours and
siLapes
" Dalgit Mas jul. —This was probably m the heart of the
town once, Iut es quite outside of it now. If 13 u hopeless
rain, the dome having fallen in and much of the facmg of
enanielled tiles wholly umepbesred, but what remaing ia
ao beautiful that measures have been taken to preserve it
a8 fur as powsible from further destruction. the mihrel
is 46 exquisitely amtlptared that it is difficult for the visitor
te realize (hat le isnot Iooking at carved sandalwood but
oat steme.. Yet the building is more thin 300 years old,
having been built by Arr Kiimeliro Khun, who pot mto
trotihle by hisGhwulling of public moneys when he was
werner of Tatts under Mirza Jeu Tarklon. (See History,
shime A, page 106.)
Bamui, tho capital ef the Sama Jams helore they
“ear, ‘moved to Tatta, lies three miles
. north-west of the letter, on. high
yround. Of it the report uf ithe archindlog “a |
says that “it i now repr | sind
PLACES. OF INTEREST. 119 ho
sectp Ne moaqne upon n low knoll upon one side of the
vi
‘Kalan Kot, which is nndoubtedly a perversion of Kalion
Kalan Kul Kot, te. the Fort of Welfare, live ’
jan Kot. wbout thre miles south of the
Travellers’ Bungalow on the Mukli hills. Th was used ;
by the Musealmans, for to it the lat of the Tatta Jane
oan whi preesed by Akbur’s wrmy, aml no doubt it
ired or renewed by them and they re-tliristened
it Y Tugealabad but, its origin appears to go mich further
look. Aa Burton | wit xHted out, both the wards Healien
Kot are Bansltrit and the towers are all within pitted oe of
each other, indicating that it was planned before: firearnu
were inoue. The local tradition which sssociates it with
AMexander Pi ir pomts ol. resemblunce to Kafir Killa, oF
Alexander's Fort, near Sehwan, The mussive hrble-erel
fof both im & connizy where stone was so handy ia curious,
aul in Kalian Kot large bricks of the kind which characterize
Buddhist. remams wre reported to have been dug up. The
ruins now imilicate 4 lurge and very strong fortress! on a
rock, which ix, or at least was, surrounded om three sides liye
water and cut through on the fourth side by a very dep
moat with perpendicular sides, The whole was H Segrd
_ by massive towers of proat, height, which are now only huge:
moondé, and a cirtam connecting them, The ruins of 4
large building, apparently « mesque, wre still standing and “a
show, by some ornamentation of enamelled tiles, that it
wie cotuparatively recent, Near it is 4 great reservoir for
water. in the building was found, seventy years ag, a
oie al charred gram, which seetued to indionte: that
¢ plave had been destroyed by fire,
‘Thimo Bula Khan (25" a at rs oe Ga
erst jongimule) i t wadqnarter
een ae station of Kohiston Mahal eer a
Be lation, af 10 It contams a Maholkaris Office,
gece Police Station, Vernacular School, Poat Office
Khana. The nearest station ie Metmg, at a
setae oF of 24 miles. (ood embroidery work is deme nnd
fine.woollen pada for camels are-made. Thos place is said
to have been o camp of Bula Khan Naumardi when he
withstood an 7 ioree of Jokhime m the days of Nur
Muhammad Kalhora
en oT A
_| Saaesz coeaz | 2
pails cotaaa
KARACHI DisTHicT.
r i}
a
“= : a = —_ Fo lO ee | Ts = ) a lee
iy ; - & - = 7
4 f 7 | | anesassacese°s
P| . a | be sie 7 f-f-$ ole Bale ' ore-saaeaeanea e :
r | 7 a re | seus" SReSARSH ’
| = - aes: = e | a5 "|
—— i en“ a =f crREESTaSEROTA -
| 2 Zz : . Taga gseec toate P
la lel 4 s"2.2.2-.- eognateencsann
| z | “i)_ 2 ozo oso =e | ot the BST PER AT Beet :
aes i *, 12¢2“ashe eee
i >} a’... " | oa 19 wt meee ‘ea
= -9 ‘3 SISSSESURRRN SS :
gE = sesessccsse—se .
. = |
a) a 2... wn xu*sa* ~
i "I a = “seesemesews ae : | r
elles tes a a
B \"| gee e :
“‘Sorenl |
Seren” |
TAULE I,
il.
Fal...
Months (nt Karol),
‘Twliine atid Mahala.
Shak as Bi Ae | be
| Atnuranzas°us
alee be a oa
et |
an--22--nHenen
| Sasmasrne~ ance
Scan seca
Stanseeness3as
a
SRESGEADRASASt
| Sones 408-8
492" 25 ncac!t2
et et ttt tt te ee |
“Qypereiuersuer
PSSSUNGSS=SS=5
| Pebutnaetcessa
Sv fined cs2eq,
So-Hisesset ese
eae)
Det see os th 3
Serer eee verve |
preherceeteBeREreses
sogenegquganeesnnats |
=z
1 om
ie Mec, nove | 'higy | Seek | yaee ‘tom
Deal
ARACHE DISTRICT.
k
ie
“WT6t ao sameap) KOLLVONE, ax¥ >
“A UTE
al y - — 3 — - ' i! bas ¥ = = =—
| a ee ee oy) ee ae a | Ls) fea fh .
r J se a e J se ' e 1 L - =. kd “| ‘ - . 7 . 7
| - r
7 ‘
| me | new Gt ET | ab ~ = ae =
“(TTS1 40. miaA)) HIV ]y Wo ety, “aIavD
LA’ WTAVL,
a”
=. ' @
| :* h | 4
i i 1 at 4 a ' | -_
: :
ser
or
i hi
TABLE VII.
“Gagea 2
a
Fa ©
EF 3g
arn SS ee Ge tt ae Be
EET: main * zee
i ae
¥
Duermmerton of Las asp Coors.
relifittie
phen jee which etetietke gre yvadl
“uh
TABLE VII,
- Dowesrio Aniwale adn AOMLOUL TULA Some. .
“*PANGE EX.
._
«qa #
a a eee
He Sy
Se ee eT
ae
7
5 gage se aS Ss
, PRESS Hig
ci
aa
Sela — Tha Komitee fet * Fobel (Geja) camel,” eich wee tor the reeert pour fn tee
1 The Wopsees aes ine a * other cmaais of Fobet dated” ont of
: "> oe 4
: TAL xX 1h ;
L
Ez
E
;
by
mi
a.
-
+p
)
1 +
a
Z
. mo
iF
=
i.
|
: er tabs)
i,
A
- | a
j
KAH
TABLE XL
Takavi Anvances axp Conimorions.
=a Ow
Aaced Teeprierest Fase Act, 1
Te bee ee ee oe Ph F rm
SP See Latha’. | Base
S £9 fom) mim me
| ae |
aa |
i |
Mate —Reyarale Sieates tor the twa ote have pen Tine
Kanacen).
TABLE XI.
Paes iN sens (80 FoLAs) ree mittee: awn Waome (at
=
=
TABLES KI—<XIvV, 183
Paine,
Ny fun as Mlveted the district during the past 24 yours, but
iBargale he tis from dictricte beyond Sind flocked into
ri forty of ‘Karachi in some vears In eearch of an uy ment, anal the
wxtont to which thoy wer ufiorded roliet in ehoren beltw s—
Partemutare | som cae, | Lee mcs, | TKK | oor ) Torr Loe
Fonsrr Srarurres.
Peplicetart. | Lites Hn inating LE TMT.) Te,
ig Solan [tek ae ine bir ee aia nar | san
=!
ey Ft SE Ee vee
fot ap tec tran UN matt
KARACHI DisTmicr.
a4
— she F
yelp ey rn no rm ? a at §
T fis lle.f\© £,0 ©. = oT Tals soe aot -
lf Sle e/g eid ele B sioner] ets |satee | snes fam wea |
as 2 ea : aa \ Urnnet) OLS | Gmicye stent I" eae) 1) ee Lew |
cee t's ae ae eel’ 7 upon} nt a! eo es ile
| £} ' . |
i a Ald Payee : liiodt!| 2. kd kete: | carwe ; Coreen 4 S|
ie | ae tit =i T ‘aio 52] ert: «=| ite " rts 4 eee |
i | ae ; BF at || =): gee) eel teow lee eT eee”
Tle i
EW 1/0 ££, a th Pe i oe co 0) oO) eee"
pe SR ge ly he Steam) € E| few wrt Stet rot) pemeaT |
ad ny Heel a sees 20 tuum sven] ify “emer Toss weg one HOOT NT”
Nessa ime dis leached iliendcha Wier ae “irri ms *h ainy oes | Taermeyeen omy D5)
ie Tea eae le email at) cates a detest a ET |"
* cE kla £)e €] oT | i —— — v7?
ctaie elate| ye) E ee et inet
mW | ml ot | t) : |
Ce EB
Sa, a re ie r =
1 , i:
p bein Te
seal ee wed then Tete at eaeruess tir bapa inal ane torch tare Hen
cB rermetngncaam ease
! / - —_ = eEnesetys Steet
‘5 Re eel a he Dk mt we Es gSsSsgd8e- |. :
i wg i@|"=::ha ; S
| eI atestt —scapge = Ee iE -
Pram
a - - <
7__* |
ty
TABLE XVL
af Conmat, SURTICE, )
Zo weckstSek ect
| i vortetive
i: Woex oy tan Gamat Cover,
Number ef persone vhs We
TABLE AEX.
TifowrRaTion.
TADLES XVI—XIX,
TABLE XVIII.
Crit Juarum.
= _ Een.
Aictees od ells bret! ts
3 |
© Peelande Mires for (le Comptes of innit Cuuies of cite end pexioiien! uf Metechi
3 t | i ooh el
a RAERPES E530 53
Miner 7 | | ~ e
7 138 KARACHI) (HETRECT.
TABLE aX.
. Durremortoy oy Porn, Lui.
ae el ee. | see
Pidew tl one. = Soe oe a a peel ee
a ee ues + ot ae
- ' | ®\.. a .*| Fol of as
lei) aad | cee) ae
Pe Tin)
q 6 i2 Bs J
lene | wb ts
1 7) & is
- | ‘* af +
" ; 4 co Pa |
q —1:et >) at g
: r : | 3
. tEAE ee
- oe | Se . __aet i=
ae 7) |) & ps j ee Bites [
Siwudey Mai Te Duetniecr.
{ y EE — ee ————— —_ = —_—= xi 5 = ——$—
* b. St Tae t =| a = {ia | i J
Paes ie Ee] ea ce
L - — 2 ‘ =
nia. .) @ | 8 |) a we Loe |
tal a | ite | aM
SPCR Vl
a= ,
eS eS
:
“peek mmmans yy oy aa aye ory 7y TreL ny Ped peemeTD gl ang URIS OLugl W Bre — 1
Pi eo ee At
| parents. | west tiries’|«
>) sierra | | Ones eer | sere
1 oh iv r ann | TL | cuenta Rae ) caer fet wee. " tus? |
KARACH! DIFTrRict.
ia ¢ | . ls
]
———z—z—_ <_< ————
EE =
nv | «| |
= | “7 a SRS Ey nag) akyy at UE
. : “weet: Sr es a , © a
ae ee | vant | a z al Z d | | ——— Bn”.
44)
“WHIIks ATAVL . : ave
apes ae ees pe) ee ee
r ; | -.
; YABLES XX11-\—N1-M.
TABLE XXII-8,
Ne
—
la
}
= eo ir i | oe 1-4 om | - ;
a" 5 a
Lis
Ma a aa dai cai ada jects aby L..
OT a a
nani
Hoag hg Py ey Vl Tish law | were |awe leve | re
| rar E retin | wiaivt peu if me | tomes |! ame = | nee nett saree etaarE—y
erm Ir ie arerey ope GO Lm ED .
ere [asi |S, (eh | Se + |
| es a eh yer
| a take. ——— ks ee &
Bop Bs fat Seat) Sto ee Hare Sars, Sree! dh his ee Sip
a] @ |
wean eat yestm| ¥ esse], tt tonto aa a =
wn it
KARACHI DIBMRICT.
+ us
. “peepee | donee vont | peg ee ua || liam | ae
le, |e eae
| aa
| |
Senta av iy ;whOEat sles | ain Batam ik huey | eho | Wise
in|
= ||
uw w Hi ; a ral aii | L “a
iri Teri ae ts as mw
vers cris oe ent | eMrit awit
re 7 RM mer ween | | eral
a an TF an ¥ Ch ed
ae | eo Se ee} | Bases | Bate: |
Ww “ry Pte | eg | ora |
eel] en ' ‘ . *-|
~ ast Baeciaat tS
V— EXVI-E.
“A,
[4
=
a ee —_ a aa od ——
3 (he, - Lean
Fh ate Ma uta
fy | if “2
a
=
=
a
3
* att ay aT
———— OE
a]
S
nomi’ WARM, bai TY,
reer a . ay img |
SSE SS a
ry | lf gi sandeceEneTUEOUNUENTE
i LASHIFIOATION ar 1¥
" : : Ge 3 . |
een ||
3| — |
4 |
ae ||
M48
RARACH Dlereivy,
| |
St ee Se UC LL
a
—
——————— => =
=
a CS
VLAN PAV
a
ha sae
dob i
|
SS aS SS
i
‘Ee a.
chee hoe :
LA ie ) 1enh16,
ai
‘wi
Horta. tore. | Lote.
|
|
|
| ee | lanes) jomnew Lenaan | Tirana | Bate |
| je eee) | ee ihe ee | Fes a iene
be
ee : : ke
ule
shic4
thd]
Kan
re :
= ed Veal
eo
i
=
oe . :* : , )
1] ew lh.) at eee eee
Ls
coor
——— —y Ee ———. =
a 2
7 ..
mir hod
a
PARLE XXVIDBL
Kevesve oom Rarerecrone of Kacw Loos Hoan.
- res, = — =—_— i, ; i
Ta) bade
Voom inl iat, ' roids divresys | bab Ou : ible
: | ae i — =
Vay
Mase i
ola — "saa il
“RHE ce
KRARACHT DISTRICT,
a fom | w | ei] e [a fos l
| hall
peter | wera | oor a antes | nuts
ory cori cawes toarss eerie
ere ee | more Naik are |
ave 86 UE hooks tire ize |
ed es ee ee 4 y
sev) | Ovrot | eeeet | wewind | ake
Th ee.
sie of ero ere ete ena)
HEU EE) Mee drut | coeur sshelid Sendsial | sanfeyicr | sersensy wx'tin :
BILTLESS | EDUC! | Gowen EE | mieten | cea uolen | teow | atyiabyt eorieyt tees | wh
wit ve | at onl +" | wl | “1 alg +" :
| :
EF
| re | wisben ee |
SALLY IE
A 4 : ; Fr
“1 ——_— a" ns A 7
=
wl Ld att
MALLE
a
vt as |
ia
oun | shanoan, 1, Dinas
Ea ‘sce oleae
Ti
“008
| te
Mojss | ao |
=
=|
sol
TM
pT)
Ti aly
ii
oh Sab
:
TL i 1m) Whew
| RMA, | NSN, |
a
eer)
#29 | goad ay
007
AAD
ioe
LaF
Tl. be
ves
ho} (Re |]! ay
ie |
todo
! si
hi hiee
a
i
hea |
ue |
Lhass ie LS le)
| Push sent “all i300
| KARACH! DI@TRICT.
jwette *7g?T a25 Sg-* segrgenn =" ..
| ‘ ) | |
; . . )
| |gesae Sraeite-fa°sh-ass s
“lehaqn" Staachletanaesd* =
"faa = Sayre ges Ss sera ge |
co a ae geget ec 1 ceria
i st mere red
1
if
2 gar-s “5
d 2 2 laid
g-e2° 203:
1 KARACH DISTHICT.
j
EE _
| boat! paed-as
casters
Phe ier a os a
. cy ee ea ote
ry | _ wae ses aaa SSRERR
0 ie Ie. ee es St
. SR5Sh
, saEa
eR
aie SESEES aEH
2. Ra MaGARG.. SogeRE
: ‘pins nk 28
: Hae
ais
PARLE XXIX-H,
aide Nea bd Wed
Say ewellae
©] sev) ara] ged
pt | tkab) a
wee) ties) tee
ww
hae
on
va
a
f= |
id
A. f ‘Saal
ae
s
F
rt
wee) yee)
= |
= z sh) —§ }
22]
ao Vetmmenilar,
a
PS r _
a ee
i
' a
__
ons
y e
ry -_ _——
. -
= & i
188 Sot seagdien ae
ju) cope. eae nage ser
i> “B°*EE=25 , SST EES Sage" n7#g
P oa, — Bageaa"A=agaae” 3°E*
ee FaaPSE ae
“aE, URES AgaNgE | SURAES
ash PRERS HS a “a
a =a ae
: ee ae
F i | Se eo to ee a
Sar, na ee ine i
ae ee
‘ i - Ye ’
+.
Ui —Peremndape ef Prope
tage nf waa mehonare bee trae pula ci
oe
4
Tr me =e : Abe
iia) 44
waven | laid
ha?
=
tor eS |
cs
=m
i 0
ae) =e) ae
‘he
Sh Md
dish) oa
ba ag
z
a
5
=
wi
ee |
wile ar Wabash
it Pers wahedaas Bh fete population ill
{a van
rae
7
ae
| a
ah
100 KARACHD DISTRICT:
| TADLE XXTX-C
= | Koweariox : Porm. itis AND SCHOLARS THEREIN
' 116
ial
20) TEA
t| i “Hata sess
chasss3sssanenes
«| Se EanshaRRRGRASS
&
i “a, .
bag ss oh
Vitan. Starters ron
+
4 sHiles sail
©
~— ow
q :
af
a)-| es
= =
i?
4
2 be
Pe aes
sam | wots
ai) 1,6h.aTh |
: Ses 5 AS. OE Cee
[Sry ste anta
= a aoe =“
; 7" rE
a4 ae
crs = = @
ares ssesen
——_—__— -* ' —— ' _
Hoseerata axy Disrioounies (1915)
|
:
TABLE XXXL
F
wee dabey poh fete enemy (OO T— TL
aR
|
say | wi
| = |
ate me | ees eee ta
Rp | act biti
ser ih
wl “gaya every) me lin |
as en
‘treme "wet (aE —21 eee teen
heehee pa al
peepy) fl
ores lun 1
suit! il
cargo eee! Fi
I 7 - q 5 .
= doo | of -
, - a -
he ir
: a 7)
_
YT,
x 18a * anacny DIsTRICT.
3. re [=| S53 tee [a]
ie ee 71) as
a 2]. (eat Bae 22) 12) 4) 98
= 5 = Shan ee Gilt (=| ‘te
LA = nhl
by jeas] | Rar
[ He = sat | | 3 | * | 7°
Tithe s |
I
_
:
ye BE v= |
a . | GBB S85 S sce
ee =
; je
“as,
Fae 38 | eee Gs s28
; ~\ yay 283 =F = a: oF5
Sha
| yorrmeibesy | Subd
eae.
ii
|
‘
ere tap ‘his BE.
Agriculture, } ‘wii = heen i stock,
mata tale. ae
Alexeidber's Jinwer, jslentifievation of
Karachi with, 47:
All eae ‘Khan, walid |Alesnd
All Khas, 1
Ali Muthenisadl walnd thraium Fdien, it,
Allati Hinata walail Jamal Khan, 10.
reer iar nil ditmiedin, Huatlatbin!
‘iable, 120
Saherp embry
Shag buses at bi Cabowd Banat tell
Pisa icnteatiarst ) to 22.
ipso eae and Crvil, 2h; fudioial
i wore'®, Cj ernk al, 100 and
eT 17) Seationies) tab, 154
D
“tienen feeflic ju ike,
bin ro
Mali; 1,
£
alivcwtion, 4 fey 65 be fr pape yr fatale ot
[iitreradaes, [Sel 5 ocet beetle
nad getolars, or te TE,
ey ean ot eee Ring isa jena
rt
INDEX.
Pairs,
Verein 1 faciaotical tale, in.
Fisherine, 26.
Moule, 5.
Forests : sdatheiles) lable, (00.
Fruil. trees, 17,
G
il al Hotel, al &
Chats ona a a
Chzeri Bandar, (13, 57 and
(thors bend ‘talks wiih Kel
Taner al, 14,
chon L. gee
‘Chutes Mf atsagutaaal walel Felice
Hakhoh, Lit.’
Gram ciltivation, LiL
f
[tab tivo, 1) theeeriy uf,
i Xe : Ti Ie a be
Hak, Aa Hye Ay Pee ie (ut.
Pir Bat ah |
172
- — se Tani et, 3h
™ Jat tribe,
Intl revit ht agriculture of. 1.
” ‘te im, 4
Miliary
Seuticlal Cvvenimiassaiees’a tor’, 1.
i diittirn, Si) aad EF i chniletite) tole if,
a Criminal Jievtice, La» ane) Opes) Te
r thewy 37)
‘
Kaler K
Kelechi Kya, fe toy Glid Koarantl, fa,
Kalen Rot. 110.
Kwacha : Meresis mY 20; Canton:
Trent, 32. varieus art a
ga bo 4H: D J. Sint! Ci al r
une On . Libession
- Chil foepiual ih aod ay;
i lpi #8 ; Lady Dulierin,
tenet ; ; 5, Veterinary
ml aT;
i
ing feiniv thy
cl i doe
crowths,
a aimal, 4: Captacs of,
, an. ‘Tutperr,
= in of KS Walleslew inta
- mril oe. ef the a ith
ii
apie ad a acini
Bo | Merewnlbar i
eae
rt
eS
_ Tower,
i
tai
He
ir
a
is
ELE
Fuze
ae
ai
z
i
INDEX
)) Water works, 67 en) 8; Gor.
troment Ttouse, i; Parel Ceinchana:
7 i Hallway Inestdinte, TS | Wiehe”
flores, ‘Th y—Mirthorlist Charck, Ti
enn Catholig Chore, TFT and TH)
Merkete, TH anil BO; Vietoris Mineowes,
AU; Geren, BP; ta 62; Cemeteries,
Mend 82; “Port, #3. to od
Karnehl District —Jiadtion, ay
Ihywcal Peel i; Hille, ry pry 3;
ivera, hi Rowntn, fi vinale, O and @;
aint. T) Populétion, © to $3,
igicaliare, 13 to 14 thon
ee Ti; comma Treds
Karachi t thks egreit af, ‘t4.
Karmati ro ceed a
“al dap , Sh fart ManWwipalits,
ul, GL; mipore mat
ie
Ehailte Chaltus, 2 and i.
Khirttar range of Willa, 2.
Ritu [hae Laden, IM. :
. a
Fiolilviss,
Retr, fy Munictpalir ‘ fe a1) dow.
cri ied af, OF
K Alay; Rabie Shaky WS abd
Kotri Wivision—ficnstitution ancl ari
auliute ef, L4.
L
Latin, 4,
La durs Pasider, fl ge) 5.
Laki, Horteprings, 0}; range of rave Te a
ecuitane ution of, statistical iz
hash Ryvenate-—StAlseRsy tals (ae
(abriscden, 104 aii
“Shia, 8 ay teat eal Cape
tol iad Fae ka tl
fuse bhin—Tinal-quactos ol
taluka, DHE aah 10,
sagt Fick wre Cite Hise
1
vaniafpalltian, 7 io 31; atatleilral
halides, 152 aed 15.
Posies datributiim it, ataalatien! talsle,
Pam tier, 8 00:12 comuun ilotalla, Bi
Feportion it aaah Bi ena
of comoenteatin i
; FEI aud
a» Pricew eel wage, jahle. 132,
i
Rabe crope, 10 am
rn ai iro teh tae, 159 ool
&
~ Reiyide of Tattw wail Labi, rari
fst 1 ae
Senhuk 4 hye wide
Vie Samus Jame, Lis.
Behoal, Hott, Te pirle a
preach, 4 : ‘i
Grammar School, Karche whs Be
Palrich's Schoul Keracht, 28; C. Mf
f Steel, Haeneh Sar Se
‘Karachi, #h
ajul 107
sa Khas an Santor Khaw wile
i,
Gounbel Dharel, o4.
Stampa, otathetical balls, $4eL
Sojawal, Fob,
Rarjana rage vil bille 3
T -
Yabsrl, adeanes anil collec! lotii—olath=
tial tabs, 12%
Tatta dirhdoo—eomatitattow anh agri
riliaes of, 15 aml 14. .
‘Tuits heey at: Perens
gest wren al, le are
i ha tea he a en per eee turt
Tomperature, tj atatieties| tahh, #24,
Thane Bole Khan, vie.
Towra po ti) mbabiotlonl tmtehe,
Trade 3
cater iS; wath! halda, tet.
y
ae ei
Le Shes Til-end fat
| entivaien, 14, ~ 3
soLbat) FuENEED Ay FUE OUTERWWES) CORTESE FERED
=
=
[os |
*bhenr a eare
|
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